Production of eurycomanone from cell suspension culture of Eurycoma longifolia

Abstract

Context: Eurycomanone is found in the Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Simaroubaceae) tree, exhibits significant antimalarial activity, improves spermatogenesis, suppresses expression of lung cancer cell tumour markers and regulates signalling pathways involved in proliferation, cell death and inflammation.Objectives: Establishment of cell suspension culture of E. longifolia to determine the eurycomanone accumulation during cultures.Materials and methods: Callus of E. longifolia was cultured in MS medium supplemented with 0.8% agar, 30/L sucrose, 1.25 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L KIN for biomass production. Cell suspension culture was established by transferring friable calli to the same medium without agar. Eurycomanone content during cell culture was determined by HPLC with a C18 column, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, run time of 17.5 min, detector wavelength of 254 nm. The stationary phase was silica gel and the mobile phase was acetonitric:H2O. Roots of 5 year-old trees were used as the control.Results: The cells from 3 g of inoculum increased in biomass with a maximum value of 16 g fresh weight (0.7 g dry weight) at 14th day of culture. The cell growth then decreased from day 14 to day 20. Eurycomanone was produced during culture from the beginning to 20th day, its highest content (1.7 mg/g dry weight) also obtained at 14th day (the control is 2.1 mg/g dry weight).Discussion and conclusions: Cell suspension culture of E. longifolia is a suitable procedure to produce eurycomanone. The yield of eurycomanone biosynthesis in 14 days-old cells are relatively high, approximately 0.8 times the control.

Establishment of a Cell Suspension Culture of Ageratina pichinchensis (Kunth) for the Improved Production of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds

“…presented a trend associated with its growth, reaching a maximum yield during the exponential phase and, subsequently, decreasing rapidly due to the lack of nutrients and consequent cellular death [ 32 ]. In another species, Eurycoma longifolia , it was reported that cell suspension cultures produce the quassinoid eurycomanone; this also occurs from the beginning of the growth kinetics, reaching a maximum amount of 1.7-mg g −1 DW [ 44 ].…”

Assessing product adulteration ofEurycoma longifolia(Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis

“…For the validation of the authenticity of the HMPs, only those HMPs which were identified as either authentic or substituted using DNA barcoding are the ones further analysed using this method. So also, the validation was based on the presence of eurycomanone marker which is one of the most important and abundant bioactive compound present in this plant (Nhan and Loc 2017 ). The eurycomanone standard showed a peak area with a retention time of 2.854 min similar to that of root extract 2.839 and three tested HMPs (TAP-1, TAP-3 and TAP-8).…”

“…Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Simaroubaceae) commonly known as Tongkat Ali, is found in Southern Asian countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia and Thailand. E. longifolia extracts (particularly roots) have been reported to display a wide range of therapeutic properties such as antimicrobial, antimalarial, antidiabetic, antiulcer, cytotoxicity against cancerous cells (Bhat and Karim 2010 ; Nhan and Loc 2017 ) but the most famous is for aphrodisiac activities (Ismail et al. 2012 ).…”

Enhancement of eurycomanone biosynthesis in cell culture of longjack (Eurycoma longifolia) by elicitor treatment

“…Different concentrations of YE (20-250 mg/L), MeJA (10-500 µM) and SA (10-500 µM) were used to investigate their influences on cell growth and eurycomanone accumulation after 14 days of culture. In a previous report, we established the profile of E. longifolia cell growth with a maximum biomass obtained on day 14 (Nhan and Loc 2017). Therefore in present work, the effects of elicitors on in vitro cultures will be evaluated at this time.…”