Production of ethylene glycol from xylose by metabolically engineered <i>Escherichia coli</i>

Chae, Tong Un; Choi, So Young; Ryu, Jae Yong; Lee, Sang Yup

doi:10.1002/aic.16339

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In order to improve the productivity of EG and glycolate, strategies including redox balancing [87], elimination of competitive branch pathways [86], and overcoming acetate overflow [84,87] were performed. Up till now, the highest titers of EG and glycolate produced from xylose are 108 g/L with a yield of 0.36 g/g xylose [88] and 44 g/L with a yield of 0.44 g/g xylose [83], respectively.…”

Section: Bt and Bdomentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical routes for uptake and conversion of xylose by microorganisms

Zhao

Xian

Liu

et al. 2020

Biotechnol Biofuels

115

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Xylose is a major component of lignocellulose and the second most abundant sugar present in nature. Efficient utilization of xylose is required for the development of economically viable processes to produce biofuels and chemicals from biomass. However, there are still some bottlenecks in the bioconversion of xylose, including the fact that some microorganisms cannot assimilate xylose naturally and that the uptake and metabolism of xylose are inhibited by glucose, which is usually present with xylose in lignocellulose hydrolysate. To overcome these issues, numerous efforts have been made to discover, characterize, and engineer the transporters and enzymes involved in xylose utilization to relieve glucose inhibition and to develop recombinant microorganisms to produce fuels and chemicals from xylose. Here we describe a recent advancement focusing on xylose-utilizing pathways, biosynthesis of chemicals from xylose, and engineering strategies used to improve the conversion efficiency of xylose.

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Section: Bt and Bdomentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical routes for uptake and conversion of xylose by microorganisms

Zhao

Xian

Liu

et al. 2020

Biotechnol Biofuels

115

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“…Thus, E. cloacae S1 might be a better chassis for further metabolic engineering to improve ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production. Recently, there are two reports of ethylene glycol production that both achieved very high final product levels [27,28]. They have a common characteristic that the reaction of xylose flowing into the pentose phosphate pathway was kept active.…”

Section: Ethylene Glycol Production By E Cloacaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one of the recent reports, yqhD was replaced by fucO, coding for a NADH dependent dehydrogenase, leading to a distinct increase in ethylene glycol titer of > 70 g/L [27]. While the engineered E. coli strain in the other report used yqhD, and with precise control of key genes expression resulting to even higher product titers of 108 g/L [28]. Adopting these metabolic engineering strategies to modify E. cloacae S1, ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production might be further improved.…”

Section: Ethylene Glycol Production By E Cloacaementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

et al. 2020

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Background: Biological routes for ethylene glycol production have been developed in recent years by constructing the synthesis pathways in different microorganisms. However, no microorganisms have been reported yet to produce ethylene glycol naturally.Results: Xylonic acid utilizing microorganisms were screened from natural environments, and an Enterobacter cloacae strain was isolated. The major metabolites of this strain were ethylene glycol and glycolic acid. However, the metabolites were switched to 2,3-butanediol, acetoin or acetic acid when this strain was cultured with other carbon sources. The metabolic pathway of ethylene glycol synthesis from xylonic acid in this bacterium was identified. Xylonic acid was converted to 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-pentonate catalyzed by d-xylonic acid dehydratase. 2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-d-pentonate was converted to form pyruvate and glycolaldehyde, and this reaction was catalyzed by an aldolase. d-Xylonic acid dehydratase and 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-pentonate aldolase were encoded by yjhG and yjhH, respectively. The two genes are part of the same operon and are located adjacent on the chromosome. Besides yjhG and yjhH, this operon contains four other genes. However, individually inactivation of these four genes had no effect on either ethylene glycol or glycolic acid production; both formed from glycolaldehyde. YqhD exhibits ethylene glycol dehydrogenase activity in vitro. However, a low level of ethylene glycol was still synthesized by E. cloacae ΔyqhD. Fermentation parameters for ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production by the E. cloacae strain were optimized, and aerobic cultivation at neutral pH were found to be optimal. In fed batch culture, 34 g/L of ethylene glycol and 13 g/L of glycolic acid were produced in 46 h, with a total conversion ratio of 0.99 mol/mol xylonic acid. Conclusions:A novel route of xylose biorefinery via xylonic acid as an intermediate has been established.

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“…However, E. cloacae S1 might be a better chassis for further metabolic engineering to improve ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production. Recently, there are two reports of ethylene glycol production that both achieved very high final product levels [27,28]. They have a common characteristic that the reaction of xylose flowing into the pentose phosphate pathway was kept active.…”

Section: Ethylene Glycol Production By E Cloacaementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

Zhang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Biological routes for ethylene glycol production have been developed in recent years by constructing the synthesis pathways in different microorganisms. However, no microorganisms have been reported yet to produce ethylene glycol naturally. Results: Xylonic acid utilizing microorganisms were screened from natural environments, and an Enterobacter cloacae strain was isolated. The major metabolites of this strain were ethylene glycol and glycolic acid. However, the metabolites were switched to 2,3-butanediol, acetoin or acetic acid when this strain was cultured with other carbon sources. The metabolic pathway of ethylene glycol and glycolic acid synthesis from xylonic acid in this bacterium was identified. Xylonic acid was converted to 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-pentonate catalyzed by D-xylonic acid dehydratase. 2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-D-pentonate was converted to form pyruvate and glycolaldehyde, and this reaction was catalyzed by an aldolase. D-xylonic acid dehydratase and 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-pentonate aldolase were encoded by yjhG and yjhH, respectively. The two genes are part of the same operon and are located adjacent on the chromosome. Besides yjhG and yjhH, this operon contains four other genes. However, individually inactivation of these four genes had no effect on either ethylene glycol or glycolic acid production; both formed from glycolaldehyde. YqhD exhibits ethylene glycol dehydrogenase activity in vitro. However, a low level of ethylene glycol was still synthesized by E. cloacae ΔyqhD. Fermentation parameters for ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production by the E. cloacae strain were optimized, and aerobic cultivation at neutral pH were found to be optimal. In fed batch culture, 34 g/L of ethylene glycol and 13 g/L of glycolic acid were produced in 46 hours, with a total conversion ratio of 0.99 mol/mol xylonic acid.Conclusions: A novel route of xylose biorefinery via xylonic acid as an intermediate has been established.

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Production of ethylene glycol from xylose by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli

Cited by 40 publications

References 34 publications

Biochemical routes for uptake and conversion of xylose by microorganisms

Biochemical routes for uptake and conversion of xylose by microorganisms

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

Ethylene glycol and glycolic acid production from xylonic acid by Enterobacter cloacae

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