Production of ethanol from lignocellulosic materials using thermophilic bacteria: Critical evaluation of potential and review

Lynd, Lee R.

doi:10.1007/bfb0007858

Cited by 78 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…cellulose and/or xylose with high ethanol yields (396,401,629,719,742). This work demonstrated very high ethanol yields a sufficient number of times in a sufficient number of organisms to provide substantial support for the biochemical and bioenergetic feasibility of fermenting cellulose with ethanol as the only significant organic end product.…”

Section: Native Cellulolytic Strategymentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Because of these factors, it is natural in our view to focus on commodity products when considering biological processing of cellulosic feedstocks, and we do so here. The economics of cost-competitive commodity processes are dominated by feedstock cost and thus require high product yields (270,401,410,763). As a result, there is a very strong incentive to conserve the reducing equivalents present in fermentable carbohydrate feedstocks, which is the defining feature of anaerobic metabolism.…”

Section: Processing Of Cellulosic Biomass-a Biological Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology

Lynd

Weimer

Zyl³

et al. 2002

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

4,027

2,868

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Fundamental features of microbial cellulose utilization are examined at successively higher levels of aggregation encompassing the structure and composition of cellulosic biomass, taxonomic diversity, cellulase enzyme systems, molecular biology of cellulase enzymes, physiology of cellulolytic microorganisms, ecological aspects of cellulase-degrading communities, and rate-limiting factors in nature. The methodological basis for studying microbial cellulose utilization is considered relative to quantification of cells and enzymes in the presence of solid substrates as well as apparatus and analysis for cellulose-grown continuous cultures. Quantitative description of cellulose hydrolysis is addressed with respect to adsorption of cellulase enzymes, rates of enzymatic hydrolysis, bioenergetics of microbial cellulose utilization, kinetics of microbial cellulose utilization, and contrasting features compared to soluble substrate kinetics. A biological perspective on processing cellulosic biomass is presented, including features of pretreated substrates and alternative process configurations. Organism development is considered for “consolidated bioprocessing” (CBP), in which the production of cellulolytic enzymes, hydrolysis of biomass, and fermentation of resulting sugars to desired products occur in one step. Two organism development strategies for CBP are examined: (i) improve product yield and tolerance in microorganisms able to utilize cellulose, or (ii) express a heterologous system for cellulose hydrolysis and utilization in microorganisms that exhibit high product yield and tolerance. A concluding discussion identifies unresolved issues pertaining to microbial cellulose utilization, suggests approaches by which such issues might be resolved, and contrasts a microbially oriented cellulose hydrolysis paradigm to the more conventional enzymatically oriented paradigm in both fundamental and applied contexts

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Section: Native Cellulolytic Strategymentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Processing Of Cellulosic Biomass-a Biological Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology

Lynd

Weimer

Zyl³

et al. 2002

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

4,027

2,868

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Corn stalk, as an important agricultural residue, has enough reserves to provide a stable source of carbohydrates for bioethanol conversion. After pretreatment, corn stalk can be enzymatically hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars and then fermented to ethanol (Lynd 1989;Esteghlalian et al 1997). However, prior to hydrolysis, pretreatment is necessary to break down the polymeric matrix in the carbohydrates and lignin, which consequently increases the enzyme accessibility to the recovered solid substrate during enzymatic hydrolysis (Kaparaju and Felby 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critical Analysis of Catalytic Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Corn Stalk, Lignin Degradation, Recovery, and Characteristic Variations

Yang¹,

Li²,

Xu³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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The lignin degradation and its structural change as a result of catalytic steam explosion pretreatment can be considered of great importance for both the subsequent fermentation and the further utilization of the lignin fraction. This work investigated the degradation mechanism and change in the characteristics of lignin during dilute sulphuric-acid catalytic steam explosion (SE) pretreatment and ammonia catalytic steam explosion (AE) pretreatment of corn stalk. For this purpose, two types of lignin samples obtained from the two pretreatments of aqueous products and solid residues were fractionated, and they were then characterized by a series of comprehensive analyses that consisted of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), ion chromatography (IC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR), Carbon-Hydrogen two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence ( 13 C-1 H 2D HSQC), pyrolysis-GC-MS (Py-GC-MS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Overall, the characteristic diversity of the lignin provides useful reference for highvalue applications of lignin.

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“…Cellulose and hemicellulose are the major structural biopolymers of lignocellulosic biomass and they can be enzymatically hydrolyzed to monosaccharides and then fermented to ethanol (Lynd 1989;Esteghlalian et al 1997;Cotana et al 2015). However, plant biomass has a complex plant cell wall structure that is reluctant to engage in enzymatic and microbial deconstruction (Pu et al 2013;McCann and Carpita 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-trap Capturing of Enzyme Inhibitors in Explosion Gas from the Pretreatment of Corn Stalk with Dilute-Sulfuric Acid Steam

Yang

et al. 2016

BioResources

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In order to reduce production costs, heated explosion gases generated from dilute-sulfuric acid catalytic steam explosion (SE) pretreatment in the pilot production were recovered to provide energy for subsequent steps and to supply heated water (gas condensate water) for the washing steps. However, organic compounds in the explosion gases accumulated in the circulating water during continuous production, which affected subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis steps. The aim of this work was to investigate the major organic components in SE pretreatment gaseous products, their formation mechanism, and their inhibitory effects on the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated corn stalk.

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Production of ethanol from lignocellulosic materials using thermophilic bacteria: Critical evaluation of potential and review

Cited by 78 publications

References 91 publications

Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology

Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology

The Critical Analysis of Catalytic Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Corn Stalk, Lignin Degradation, Recovery, and Characteristic Variations

Gas-trap Capturing of Enzyme Inhibitors in Explosion Gas from the Pretreatment of Corn Stalk with Dilute-Sulfuric Acid Steam

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