Production of essential oils from in vitro cultures of Caryopteris species and comparison of their concentrations with in vivo plants

Abstract

The chemical composition of hydrodistilled essential oils obtained from aerial parts and roots of selected Caryopteris ('bluebeard') species (C. incana, C. mongolica, Caryopteris 9 clandonensis), as well as the newly established in vitro shoot and adventitious root cultures of the above plants, was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Essential oil content and composition differed significantly depending on the type of plant material analyzed. Adventitious roots were characterized by the highest essential oil yield, reaching 1.8 % V/DW in Caryopteris 9 clandonensis. Limonene and cedrol were the main components of the essential oil derived from aerial parts of the intact plants (11.9-16.0 and 10.7-10.9 %, respectively), whereas the volatile fractions of the in vivo roots of all species contained large amounts of 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethyl)-phenol (12.9-26.2 %). 1,8-cineole, absent in the intact plant materials, was the dominating volatile constituent of the essential oils obtained from in vitro shoots (24.8-34.2 %). The volatile oil derived from adventitious root cultures consisted primarily of 1-octen-3-ol (19.7-31.5 %) and medicinally relevant diterpenoids: abietatriene and trans-totarol, which were accumulated in considerable quantities, especially in the adventitious roots of C. clandonensis (21.6 and 29.2 %, respectively).

Cedrol, a malaria mosquito oviposition attractant is produced by fungi isolated from rhizomes of the grass Cyperus rotundus

“…gambiae mosquitoes to these compounds and fungal cultures in oviposition bioassays [ 11 ]. Cedrol is well known as a component of essential oils of Cupressus and Juniperus species and have been found in a variety of other plants [ 7 , 12 – 14 ]. Further studies are needed to elucidate if fungi associated with the plants are involved in the metabolism of the compound for any of these species.…”

In Vitro Propagation of Rhododendron tomentosum – an Endangered Essential Oil Bearing Plant from Peatland

“…(Fabaceae) and Caryopteris spp. (Lamiaceae) (Luczkiewicz and Piotrowski, 2005;Kokotkiewicz et al, 2012;Luczkiewicz et al, 2015). Anderson's Rhododendron medium (AR) was described as suitable for Rhododendron micropropagation (Anderson, 1978;Eeckhaut et al, 2010).…”

“…As demonstrated in previous reports, both 2iP and TDZ are widely applied for micropropagation of Rhodododendron (Eeckhaut et al, 2010;McCown, 2013), as well as other representatives of Ericaceae, most importantly of the genus Vaccinium (Debnath, 2007). Given the above, and considering the effects of our team (Luczkiewicz and Piotrowski, 2005;Kokotkiewicz et al, 2012;Luczkiewicz et al, 2015), indicating the versatility of TDZ as the agent for microshoot formation, we decided to apply 9.84 μM 2iP and 1.00 μM TDZ in all the media used. In this research addition of other cytokinins to the media was not taken into consideration.…”

Evaluation of the yield, chemical composition and biological properties of essential oil from bioreactor-grown cultures of Salvia apiana microshoots

“…Specifically, it was used to induce direct shoot formation in S. miltiorrhiza 32 . Moreover, the combination of TDZ and 2iP was shown to exert synergic effects in terms of shoot organogenesis promotion in Lamiaceae family 33 .…”