Production of electrolytic zinc powder from zinc anode casing of spent dry cell batteries

Owais, Ashour; Gepreel, Mohamed Abdel‐Hady; Ahmed, Essam

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.07.014

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Manganese is the most abundant element. The high amounts of alkali-earth metals in the insoluble matter after experiments with HF and H 2 SO 4 and the low amount of silicon in the experiments with HF correlate with the insolubility of CaF 2 / BaF 2 and CaSO 4 /BaSO 4 in water and the presence of SiF 6 2-ions in the leachate, respectively.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Insoluble Matter After Leachingmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…1,2 The most commonly used types of batteries are the zinc-MnO 2 dry cells (Leclanché and alkaline). [3][4][5][6] They are usually chosen for objects where small quantities of power are required. 7 These batteries are not rechargeable and usually run out rapidly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 These batteries are not rechargeable and usually run out rapidly. 6,8 Disposal of spent zinc-MnO 2 batteries has become an environmental challenge. Currently, a significant amount of spent zinc-MnO 2 dry cells is still dumped in landfills or even incinerated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrometallurgical routes have negative effects on the environment because of emissions, secondary waste streams, energy consumption and hazardous work environments. 6,10 Hydrometallurgical routes tend to be less expensive and less energy consuming than pyrometallurgical methods. 14,16,19 Sulfuric acid is by far the most used leachant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

et al. 2017

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publicado na web em 04/12/2017 This paper describes a route for recovering manganese and zinc from spent zinc-MnO 2 dry cells via acid leaching. Sulfuric, hydrofluoric and formic acids were used as leachants. Hydrogen peroxide was added as reductant, except for formic acid since it is itself a reductant. Experiments were run at 25-40 o C for 1-3 h. Under the best optimal conditions, over 95 wt.% of zinc and manganese were leached irrespective of the leachant. Leaching of contaminants was strongly dependent on the leachant due to the insolubility of salts or complexing reactions. Zn(II) was best extracted with D2EHPA diluted in n-heptane at pH > 1, particularly from the leachates of weak acids. Mn(II) was much more co-extracted from sulfuric leachates, but was easily scrubbed with dilute leachant (~2 mol L -1 ). Zn(II) striping was possible using 5 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 . Manganese was isolated as MnO 2 carrying the leached contaminants. High-purity sodium salts of the anions of the leachants were recovered after slow evaporation of the final solution.

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Section: Analysis Of the Insoluble Matter After Leachingmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

et al. 2017

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“…Zinc-MnO 2 dry cells (alkaline and Leclanché ones) are nonrechargeable (primary cells) and therefore designed to be fully discharged. [1][2][3] Their demand is steadily increasing due to the popularity of small electronic devices where small quantities of power are required. 4 These batteries are easy to manufacture and safe to carry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEPARATION OF ZINC FROM MANGANESE BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION FROM ACIDIC LEACHATES OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS USING NEUTRAL ORGANOPHOSPHORUS EXTRACTANTS

Ibiapina¹,

Afonso²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Quim. Nova

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This paper describes a route for recovering manganese and zinc from spent zinc-MnO 2 dry cells via acid leaching using sulfuric or hydrochloric acids as leachants. Hydrogen peroxide was added as reductant. Experiments were run at 25-40 o C for 1-3 h. Under the best optimal conditions, over 97.5 wt.% of zinc and manganese were leached by both acids. Zn(II) was best extracted at high free acidity (≥ 1 mol L -1 ) with tributylphosphate (TBP) or trialkylphosphine oxides (Cyanex 923) diluted in n-heptane. Cyanex 923 was a better extractant than TBP, and the extraction was better performed in hydrochloric leachates. Mn(II) was more co-extracted from hydrochloric leachates and when Cyanex 923 was the extractant, but was easily scrubbed with dilute leachant (~1-2 mol L -1 ). Zn(II) striping was possible using 5 mol L -1 HCl or H 2 SO 4 . Manganese was precipitated as oxalate (MnC 2 O 4 .2H 2 O), free of leached contaminants. High-purity sodium salts of the anions of the leachants were recovered after slow evaporation of the final solution.

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Optimization of packed bed electrolysis of zinc anode casing of spent dry cell batteries

Ahmed

Owais

2016

Hydrometallurgy

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Production of electrolytic zinc powder from zinc anode casing of spent dry cell batteries

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

PROCESSING OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS IN VARIOUS ACIDIC MEDIA

SEPARATION OF ZINC FROM MANGANESE BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION FROM ACIDIC LEACHATES OF SPENT ZINC-MnO2 DRY CELLS USING NEUTRAL ORGANOPHOSPHORUS EXTRACTANTS

Optimization of packed bed electrolysis of zinc anode casing of spent dry cell batteries

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