Production of dissolving pulp from Eulaliopsis binata with the concept of integrated biorefinery

A clean and effective potassium hydroxide pretreatment of corncob residue for the enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis at high solids loading

“…In addition, under the conditions of KOH pretreatment (16 wt% of KOH dosage at 70 C for 90 min), 0.16 t KOH was needed to treat 1 t raw CCR, and the generated spent liquor of KOH pretreatment contained 134 kg K (equivalent to K 2 O), which could be used for producing lignin-based fertilizer based on the concept of the integrated biorenery. 25,47 In this case, the whole process of KOH pretreatment under the relatively mild conditions could be more sustainable and economically feasible, which could be potentially applied to the conversion of lignocelluloses to bioenergy or chemicals.…”

Response surface optimization of ammonium sulfite pretreatment for fermentable sugar production from wheat straw

“…To verify the safety and feasibility of the use of the AS spent liquor for the production of fertilizer, elemental analysis was conducted by ICP-MS and EDS. As shown in Table 5, the spent liquor contained an increase of nutrients needed for plant growth, such as nitrogen, trace elements (e.g., zinc, magnesium), and a minute quantity of harmful elements such as arsenic and chromium, which was safe enough for the fertilizer production (Wu et al 2018).…”

“…2b), and the corresponding final total sugar yield was 78%, which was 4.8% higher compared to the one with AS pretreatment alone. In addition, based on the concept of integrated biorefinery, the spent liquor of AS pretreatment contained an increase of nutrients (Table 5) that could be used to produce lignin-based fertilizer to nourish soil (Wu et al 2018). Therefore, the AS pretreatment process for the production of fermentable sugars would be more economically and environmentally viable.…”

“…However, the process' cost or capital cost for chemical or solvent recovery is quite high, particularly for the small-scale mills using agricultural waste (e.g., wheat straw) as the feedstock, due to the limitation of the material collection radius (Xie et al 2018). Thus, the development of an economical and eco-friendly pretreatment process for efficient delignification of lignocellulose is of crucial importance for the production of fermentable sugars via enzymatic saccharification, particularly for industrial applications (Wu et al 2018).…”

“…Usually, sodium sulfite is used for sulfite pretreatment (Zhu et al 2009;Yang et al 2013), and the chemical recovery has to be well handled (Jin et al 2015). In the authors' previous work, ammonium sulfite (AS) pretreatment was used to treat tobacco stalk (Wang et al 2018) and Eulaliopsis binata (Wu et al 2018) for efficient delignification, and the spent liquor of AS pretreatment can be used to produce fertilizer due to the high nitrogen content. Qi et al (2018) studied the impact of AS pretreatment on the improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw by single factor experiments, and verified that lignin could be efficiently removed by sulfonation and ammonolysis during AS pretreatment.…”