Production of diesel-like fuel from spent engine oil by catalytic pyrolysis over natural magnetite

Khan, Razia; Ahmad, Imtiaz; Khan, Hizbullah; Ismail, Mohammad; Gul, Kashif; Yasin, Aftab; Ahmad, Waqas

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2016.06.022

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Natural minerals such as limestone (CaCO 3 ), magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ), dolomite (CaCO 3 ·MgCO 3 ), and olivine are abundant and of low cost. Their calcined versions have high catalytic activities for tar elimination and catalytic upgrading. ,− Alkaline earth metal oxides such as MgO and MgO-based mixed oxides are among the most promising solid-base catalysts. ,,,,, Coke yields are markedly higher using MgO compared to HZSM-5, but the coke oxidized at lower temperatures compared to HZSM-5 . MgO favored decarboxylation, while HZSM-5 favored decarbonylation and dehydration .…”

Section: Catalytic Fast Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recent Research on Catalytic Biomass Pyrolysis and Low-Pressure Hydropyrolysis

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Direct catalytic upgrading of biomass-derived fast pyrolysis vapors can occur in different process configurations, under either inert or hydrogen-containing atmospheres. This review summarizes the myriad of different catalysts studied and benchmarks their deoxygenation performance by also taking into account the resulting decrease in bio-oil yield compared to a thermal pyrolysis oil. Generally, catalyst modifications aim at improving the initial selectivity of the catalyst to more desirable oxygen-free hydrocarbons and/or improving the catalysts’ stability against deactivation by coking. Optimizing the pore structure and acid site density/distribution of solid acid catalysts can slow down deactivation and prolong activity. Basic catalysts such as MgO and Na2O/γ-Al2O3 are excellent ketonization catalysts favoring oxygen removal via decarboxylation, whereas solid acid catalysts such as zeolites primarily favor decarbonylation and dehydration. Basic catalysts can therefore produce bio-oils with higher H/C ratios. However, since their coke formation per surface area is higher, compared to a microporous HZSM-5 zeolite, precoking (or imperfect regeneration) of these basic catalysts and operating for longer time-on-stream can be approaches to improve the oil yield. In-line vapor-phase upgrading with a dual bed comprising a solid acid catalyst followed by a basic catalyst active in ketonization and aldol condensation further improves deoxygenation while maintaining high bio-oil carbon recovery. Also low-cost catalysts such as iron-rich red mud have deoxygenation activity. An improved bio-oil carbon recoverycompared at a similar level of oxygen removalcan be obtained when changing from an inert atmosphere to a hydrogen-containing atmosphere and using an effective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) catalyst. To keep costs low, this can be conducted at near-atmospheric pressure conditions. Pt/TiO2 and MoO3/TiO2 showed high activity and reduced coke formation. Stable performance has been demonstrated using Pt/TiO2 for 100+ reaction/regeneration cycles with woody biomass feedstock. If future works can demonstrate the same durability for lower-cost biomass containing higher contents of ash, N, and S, this would considerably boost the commercial viability of near-atmospheric pressure HDO. Further research should be directed to testing the durability of lower-cost HDO catalysts such as MoO3/TiO2 and further improving the activity and stability of lower-cost catalysts.

show abstract

Section: Catalytic Fast Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recent Research on Catalytic Biomass Pyrolysis and Low-Pressure Hydropyrolysis

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, a third strategy to obtain alternative fuels consist on taking advantage of highly pollutant wastes such as used engine oils to produce liquid hydrocarbons. By thermal cracking, it is possible to break down the long, branched and cyclic chains, to obtain less heavy hydrocarbons that are in the order of the 15 to 20 carbons, which are usually the compounds of diesel [24].…”

Section: Fuels and Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang et al postulated that maybe metals atoms with multiple valences, including Fe and their oxides, result partially reduced during pyrolysis processes and generate oxygen vacancies that might transform some volatile biomass compounds into bio-oil [64]. The high specificity in the catalytic cracking of spent engine oils, reducing the undesired aromatics and high molecular weight constituents in a produced diesel-fuel, has been demonstrated also for simple natural magnetite particles in the micrometer range [65].…”

Section: Catalysts For Alternative Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Iron Oxide Colloids for Environmental Applications

Gallo-Córdova¹,

Almeida²,

María³

et al. 2021

Colloids - Types, Preparation and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This chapter deals with magnetic colloids with catalytic properties for the treatment of polluted waters and the efficient production of fuel alternatives. This kind of materials presents great advantages such as high surface/volume ratio, reproducibility, selectivity, ability to be magnetic harvested, functionalizable surfaces (e.g. with tunable pores and selective chelators deposited on them), high efficiencies and reusability. In particular, this chapter will consider the case of magnetic iron oxide colloids, which can be easily synthesized at low cost, are biocompatible and presents a well-developed surface chemistry. The most common techniques for the synthesis and functionalization of these magnetic nanoparticles will be reviewed and summarized. The iron oxide nanoparticles present outstanding properties that can be exploited in different aspect of the wastewater treatment such as heavy metals and organic pollutants removal by ionic exchange or adsorption, and degradation of the contaminants by advanced oxidation processes, among others. In the field of alternative energies, they have also been used as catalysts for biofuels production from oil crops, in Fischer-Tropsch reactions for liquid hydrocarbons and many other processes with potential environmental impact.

show abstract

“…As part of the C 4 -C 12 and C 13 -C 21 compositions, the selectivity of the Y zeolite towards cyclo-alkanes was higher compared to the clay catalyst and this could be as a result of the differences in the micropore volume as shown in Table 3. Cycloalkanes are valuable constituents of diesel fuel since they are prone to ignition [10] and this meant that the Y zeolite selectively produced suitable C 13 -C 21 as diesel fraction.…”

Section: Activity and Selectivity Of The Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms of catalytic pyrolysis reactions including those use to eliminate some undesired compounds can be categorised into decarbonylation, decarboxylation, hydrocracking, hydrodeoxygenation and hydrogenation [7][8][9]. In recent studies, the catalysts that have been used in pyrolysis of waste engine oil include natural magnetite [10], barium-strontium ferrite [11], and zeolites [12]. Some of these studies focused on the influence of the catalysts on the production of diesel fractions while others focus on eliminating oxygenated compounds during the catalytic pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Engine Oil over Y Zeolite Synthesized from Natural Clay

Osei

Nzihou

Yaya

et al. 2020

Waste Biomass Valor

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cheap alumino-silicate materials such as clay materials and Y zeolite were selected for the catalytic pyrolysis of waste engine oil in a fixed bed reactor. A cheaper route of Y zeolite synthesis involving hydrothermal activation of the raw clay and hydrothermal synthesis was employed. X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red, and nitrogen desorption method were used to characterize the intermediate phases formed during the hydrothermal treatment of the clay and the synthesized Y zeolite during the hydrothermal processes. The chemical compositions of the liquid phase of catalytic pyrolysis were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results revealed that the alkaline concentration strongly influenced the activation of the raw clay to obtain a useful phase for the subsequent synthesis of the Y zeolite. The synthesis improved the surface area from 29 m 2 /g for the clay to 745 m 2 /g for the zeolite. The catalytic pyrolysis resulted in diesel fractions of 64.8 and 54.7%, respectively for the Y zeolite and the clay. It was observed that the gasoline fractions increased to 20.5 and 19.1%, respectively for the zeolite and the clay. In the diesel fraction, the zeolite selectively improved the yield of the cyclo-alkanes which are key constituents in terms of the quality of diesel. Y zeolite was successfully derived from a natural clay and tested in the pyrolysis of waste engine oil. The synthesis route provides the opportunity to improve the catalytic property of the natural clay.

show abstract

Production of diesel-like fuel from spent engine oil by catalytic pyrolysis over natural magnetite

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

A Review of Recent Research on Catalytic Biomass Pyrolysis and Low-Pressure Hydropyrolysis

A Review of Recent Research on Catalytic Biomass Pyrolysis and Low-Pressure Hydropyrolysis

Magnetic Iron Oxide Colloids for Environmental Applications

Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Engine Oil over Y Zeolite Synthesized from Natural Clay

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About