Production of Cholera-Like Toxin by Campylobacter Jejuni/Coli

Enterotoxigenicity of chicken isolates of Campylobacter jejuni in ligated ileal loops of rats

“…A similar enhancement of other virulence factors of C. jejuni has been suggested by Newel1 et al (1985). Antisera to cholera toxin or E. coli LT inhibit the cytotonic effects of diarrhoeal isolates of C. jejuni (Klipstein and Engert, 1984;McCardell et al, 1984). The present study shows that the enterotoxin produced by chicken isolates can be completely neutralised by cholera antitoxin diluted 1 in 160, indicating the close immunobiological similarity of the two toxins.…”

“…Some strains from patients with diarrhoea produce heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) (Ruiz-Palacios et al, 1983;Johnson and Lior, 1984;McCardell et al, 1984). Partial antigenic and other similarities between this enterotoxin and the LT of both Vibrio cholerae 0 1 and Escherichia coli have also been demonstrated (Ruiz-Palacios et al, 1983 ;Klipstein andEngert, 1984, 1985;McCardell et al, 1984). Chickens were found to be the commonest reservoir of C. jejuni (Harris et al, 1986), but there is no published information on the enterotoxigenicity of chicken isolates.…”

Characterisation of cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) mutants of Campylobacter jejuni

“…This weak residual toxicity on HeLa monolayers may account for an as yet uncharacterised toxic activity previously associated with campylobacters [18] and suggests that some, but not all, campylobacters may indeed produce more than one toxin. Previous studies, although unable to provide genetic data on toxic elements, have described various putative campylobacter toxins active on several different cell lines, ranging from Shiga-like toxin activity [29], to a number of different cytotoxins [30±32] enterotoxins [33,34] and a hepatotoxin [35]. Strain variation may account for some of these differences in toxin production, which may become clearer as new evidence of the genetic heterogeneity of the campylobacters emerges.…”

Production of enterotoxin and cytotoxin in Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated in Costa Rica

“…wt of c. 70 kDa with two subunits of 60 and 15 kDa. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] It is impossible to deduce from published reports how many cytotoxins have been detected, because authors have used different cell types to detect cytotoxic effects, and only one group has purified their cytotoxin. A cytotoxic effect was first detected in HeLa (human cervical carcinoma), HEp-2 (human laryngeal carcinoma), MRC-5 (human diploid lung fibroblasts) and CHO cells but not in Vero (African Green monkey kidney) cells'l and was later found to be correlated with 5'Cr-release from exposed cells.12 A cytotoxic effect with the same activity spectrum against different cell types was later detected by another group.…”