Production of Chitin from Penaeus vannamei By-Products to Pilot Plant Scale Using a Combination of Enzymatic and Chemical Processes and Subsequent Optimization of the Chemical Production of Chitosan by Response Surface Methodology

Vázquez, José Antonio; Ramos, P.; Mirón, Jesús; Valcárcel, Jesús; Sotelo, Carmen G.; Pérez‐Martín, Ricardo I.

doi:10.3390/md15060180

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The selection of a commercial endoprotease, Alcalase, was motivated by its remarkable hydrolytic ability and versatility to digest and liquefy aquaculture wastes [ 14 , 16 , 27 ], fish discards [ 11 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 ], and fish canning by-products [ 30 ]. It was also an adequate biocatalyst in the first step in terms of the optimal purification of biological polymers such as glycosaminoglycans [ 6 , 8 ], collagen and derivatives [ 31 ], and chitin/chitosan [ 9 , 32 , 33 ]. In addition, it is an enzyme that is qualified as food grade, that is easy to add, has convenient storage in refrigeration at 4 °C, is fully soluble in aqueous solution, and is reasonably priced for use on an industrial scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Production of Protein Hydrolysates from Monkfish By-Products: Chemical Features and Associated Biological Activities

et al. 2020

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The aim of this work was the recovery of protein substrates from monkfish waste (heads and viscera) generated in the on-board processing of this species. Initially, the effect of pH, temperature, and protease concentration was studied on mixtures of a 1:1 ratio (w/v) of monkfish heads/water. The optimal conditions of proteolytic digestion were established at 57.4 °C, pH 8.31, [Alcalase] = 0.05% (v/w) for 3 h of hydrolysis. Later on, a set of hydrolysis at 5L-pH-stat reactor were run under the aforementioned conditions, confirming the validity of the optimization studies for the head and viscera of monkfish. Regarding the chemical properties of the fish protein hydrolysates (FPH), the yield of digestion was higher than 90% in both cases and the degrees of hydrolysis and the soluble protein content were not especially large (<20% and <45 g/L, respectively). In vitro digestibility was higher than 90% and the percentage of essential amino acids ranged from 40 to 42%. Antioxidant activities were higher in viscera FPH, and antihypertensive ability was superior in head FPH. The values of number average molecular weights (Mn) of monkfish hydrolysates were 600 Da in the viscera and 947 Da in the head. The peptide size distribution, obtained by size-exclusion chromatography, indicated that the largest presence of peptides below 1000 Da and 200 Da was observed in the viscera FPH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Production of Protein Hydrolysates from Monkfish By-Products: Chemical Features and Associated Biological Activities

et al. 2020

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“…Optimization of salmonid heads hydrolysis was studied according to the factorial designs summarized in Table S1 (supplementary material) using a pH-stat system (100 mL reactor). Alcalase 2.4 L was chosen as biocatalyst due to its excellent capacity of proteolysis when it was applied to several marine substrates as squid pens, fish cartilages, crustacean shells, and other fish tissues and by-products [19][20][21][22]. A two-variable factorial design was executed in anticipation that no interactions among pH, T, r (S:L), and enzyme concentration were expected as it was reported by Liaset et al [3].…”

Section: Optimization Of Salmonid By-products Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Aquaculture By-Products of Salmonids to Produce Enzymatic Hydrolysates: Process Optimization, Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Bioactives

et al. 2019

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In the present manuscript, various by-products (heads, trimmings, and frames) generated from salmonids (rainbow trout and salmon) processing were evaluated as substrates for the production of fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs), potentially adequate as protein ingredients of aquaculture feeds. Initially, enzymatic conditions of hydrolysis were optimized using second order rotatable designs and multivariable statistical analysis. The optimal conditions for the Alcalase hydrolysis of heads were 0.1% (v/w) of enzyme concentration, pH 8.27, 56.2 • C, ratio (Solid:Liquid = 1:1), 3 h of hydrolysis, and agitation of 200 rpm for rainbow trout and 0.2% (v/w) of enzyme, pH 8.98, 64.2 • C, 200 rpm, 3 h of hydrolysis, and S:L = 1:1 for salmon. These conditions obtained at 100 mL-reactor scale were then validated at 5L-reactor scale. The hydrolytic capacity of Alcalase and the protein quality of FPHs were excellent in terms of digestion of wastes (V dig > 84%), high degrees of hydrolysis (H m > 30%), high concentration of soluble protein (Prs > 48 g/L), good balance of amino acids, and almost full in vitro digestibility (Dig > 93%). Fish oils were recovered from wastes jointly with FPHs and bioactive properties of hydrolysates (antioxidant and antihypertensive) were also determined. The salmon FPHs from trimmings + frames (TF) showed the higher protein content in comparison to the rest of FPHs from salmonids. Average molecular weights of salmonid-FPHs ranged from 1.4 to 2.0 kDa and the peptide sizes distribution indicated that hydrolysates of rainbow trout heads and salmon TF led to the highest percentages of small peptides (0-500 Da). 676 2 of 15 and volume terms in the European fish farming system. More than 1.78 MTm of both were produced in 2016 generating more than € 15 billion [1]. Although in southern Europe the most common way to market salmonids is as complete individuals, in the rest of the continent the tendency is to market them in the form of fillets (fresh, frozen, cured, etc.) or other presentations that require deheading, gutting, and filleting steps. Thus, huge amounts of by-products (about 35-45% of the total weight of salmonids) are generated in processing plants, mainly heads, trimmings, viscera, and frames that have to be managed efficiently to reduce environmental health problems and to improve the sustainability of such farming productions [2,3].The most habitual utilization of salmonid wastes is based on the development of acid silage [3], fertilizers, or the joint production of fishmeal and oils [4,5]. In the first case, the silage is a low-added value product with limited applications [1]. In the last one, oil and fishmeal are not very sustainable productions when the fishmeal equipments are far from fishing ports or aquaculture plants and close to villages and cities due to the environmental impact (odors, air pollution, water consumption, etc.) that this production generates. This process leads to the coagulation of the protein and its separation from the oil but the level of valorization achieved by b...

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“…Chitin and protein-containing marine by-products (CPCMBPs), such as squid pens, shrimp and crab shells, are obtained abundantly from the fishery processing industry [1][2][3][4][5][6]. CPCMBPs have high chitin content and were therefore utilized earlier for the production of chitin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Reclamation of Chitin and Protein-Containing Marine By-Products for the Production of Prodigiosin and the Evaluation of Its Bioactivities

Nguyen

Wang

2020

Polymers

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Chitin and protein-containing marine by-products (CPCMBPs), including crab shells, squid pens, and shrimp shells, were investigated as the sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) source for prodigiosin (PG) production by Serratia marcescens TNU01 in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask and a 10 L bioreactor system. Among the used C/N source of CPCMBPs, squid pens powder (SPP) showed the most optimum PG productivity. Different ratios of chitin/protein combination were also used as the C/N sources for PG production. With a similar chitin/protein ratio (4/6) of squid pens, a significant PG productivity was achieved when the chitin/protein ratios were controlled in the range of 3/7–4/6. Maximum PG yield (3450 mg/L) by S. marcescens TNU01 was achieved in the bioreactor system containing 3 L medium of 1.75% SPP, 0.03% K2HPO4, and 0.05% MgSO4 at 25 °C for 12 h in dark. The results of in vitro bioassays reveal that the purified PG possesses acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity and antioxidant as well as anticancer activities. This study suggests that squid pens may have the potential to be used for cost effective production of bioactive PG at a large-scale.

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Production of Chitin from Penaeus vannamei By-Products to Pilot Plant Scale Using a Combination of Enzymatic and Chemical Processes and Subsequent Optimization of the Chemical Production of Chitosan by Response Surface Methodology

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

Optimal Production of Protein Hydrolysates from Monkfish By-Products: Chemical Features and Associated Biological Activities

Optimal Production of Protein Hydrolysates from Monkfish By-Products: Chemical Features and Associated Biological Activities

Valorization of Aquaculture By-Products of Salmonids to Produce Enzymatic Hydrolysates: Process Optimization, Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Bioactives

Microbial Reclamation of Chitin and Protein-Containing Marine By-Products for the Production of Prodigiosin and the Evaluation of Its Bioactivities

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