Production of butanol and ethanol from synthesis gas via fermentation

Worden, R. Mark; Grethlein, Andrew J.; Jain, Mahendra Kumar; Datta, Rathin

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(91)90175-a

Cited by 107 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…methylotrophicum was isolated from a sewage digester and has an optimal growth temperature of 37 °C [178]. Products include acetate, ethanol, butyrate and butanol [179]. The CO strain of B. methylotrophicum was the first anaerobe shown to use CO as a sole energy and carbon source [180], and in 1991 was shown to produce butanol from CO [181].…”

Section: Butanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Biomass Syngas Fermentation

2012

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Abstract:The use of gas fermentation for the production of low carbon biofuels such as ethanol or butanol from lignocellulosic biomass is an area currently undergoing intensive research and development, with the first commercial units expected to commence operation in the near future. In this process, biomass is first converted into carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 )-rich synthesis gas (syngas) via gasification, and subsequently fermented to hydrocarbons by acetogenic bacteria. Several studies have been performed over the last few years to optimise both biomass gasification and syngas fermentation with significant progress being reported in both areas. While challenges associated with the scale-up and operation of this novel process remain, this strategy offers numerous advantages compared with established fermentation and purely thermochemical approaches to biofuel production in terms of feedstock flexibility and production cost. In recent times, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology techniques have been applied to gas fermenting organisms, paving the way for gases to be used as the feedstock for the commercial production of increasingly energy dense fuels and more valuable chemicals.

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Section: Butanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Biomass Syngas Fermentation

2012

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“…Shortly thereafter, Butyribacterium methylotrophicum was reported to produce butanol and ethanol from CO [27]. Other prominent species of acetogenic alcohol producers are C. autoethanogenum [28], C. carboxidivorans, which has also been shown to synthesize butanol and hexanol [29,30], and C. ragsdalei [31].…”

Section: Species and Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculated p H2 * defines the potential at a given pH and is the best measure of the internal electrochemical potential, E Cell , that sets the ratio of ethanol to acetic acid attained. Equation (27) correlates the concentrations of chemicals inside the cell to the intracellular pH (pH ic ) and E Cell .…”

Section: Electron Carriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syngas Fermentation: A Microbial Conversion Process of Gaseous Substrates to Various Products

2017

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Biomass and other carbonaceous materials can be gasified to produce syngas with high concentrations of CO and H 2 . Feedstock materials include wood, dedicated energy crops, grain wastes, manufacturing or municipal wastes, natural gas, petroleum and chemical wastes, lignin, coal and tires. Syngas fermentation converts CO and H 2 to alcohols and organic acids and uses concepts applicable in fermentation of gas phase substrates. The growth of chemoautotrophic microbes produces a wide range of chemicals from the enzyme platform of native organisms. In this review paper, the Wood-Ljungdahl biochemical pathway used by chemoautotrophs is described including balanced reactions, reaction sites physically located within the cell and cell mechanisms for energy conservation that govern production. Important concepts discussed include gas solubility, mass transfer, thermodynamics of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, electrochemistry and cellular electron carriers and fermentation kinetics. Potential applications of these concepts include acid and alcohol production, hydrogen generation and conversion of methane to liquids or hydrogen.

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“…The optimum external pH range for cell growth of most of the syngas fermenting microbes usually varies from 5.5 to 6.5 (Abrini et al, 1994;Liou et al, 2005;Tanner et al, 1993). The optimum external pH for solvent production was reported to be around 4.5 to 4.8 (Ahmed et al, 2006;Sakai et al, 2004;Worden et al, 1991). Recently a moderately alkaliphilic bacterium called A. bacchi has shown capabilities to grow on syngas at an optimum pH between 8 and 8.5 and produce ethanol at pH range between 6.5 and 7 (Allen et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research indicates production of advanced biofuels such as butanol and hexanol from CO, CO2 and H2 through medium optimization (Phillips et al, 2015). Several studies also reported production of higher alcohols such as isopropanol, butanol, and hexanol using syngas fermentation (Liu et al, 2014b;Maddipati et al, 2011;Rajagopalan et al, 2002;Ramachandriya et al, 2011;Worden et al, 1991). In presence of CO as a reductant, C. formicaceticum and M. thermoacetica were reported to reduce acids to their corresponding alcohols (Fraisse and Simon, 1988;White et al, 1987).…”

Section: Commercialization and Future Prospectivementioning

confidence: 99%