Production of bismuth powder by the reduction of bismuth oxide with a mixture of molecular and atomic hydrogen

Chernogorenko, V. B.; Lynchak, K. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00791258

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This change indicates the transition to a less electronegative state which would be consistent with a transition from Bi 2 O 3 to intermetallic bismuth under reaction conditions during the catalysis (presence of H 2 , T = 473 K). Indeed, this assumption can be confirmed from the literature, where the reduction of bulk Bi 2 O 3 in H 2 atmosphere has been observed at T = 543 K . Thus, the first 7 h on stream the catalyst is inactive due to the presence of Bi 2 O 3 on its surface.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd₁₁Bi₂Se₂ during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene

Aviziotis

Götze

Göhler

et al. 2018

Zeitschrift anorg allge chemie

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Pd11Bi2Se2 was prepared as single‐phase material and used in an unsupported state as catalyst in the semi‐hydrogenation of acetylene in ethylene excess. After an initial inactive time‐period, Pd11Bi2Se2 activated and showed high acetylene conversion and selectivity towards ethylene at 473 K. In addition, after the initial inactive state, the compound revealed high stability during 100 h time on stream. At 80 % conversion the selectivity to ethylene is higher than 90 %. Post‐catalysis investigations by powder X‐ray diffraction (p‐XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) exclude the formation of intermetallic hydrides, decomposition, and the presence of elemental palladium. Furthermore, comparison of XPS before and after catalysis revealed the reason of the inactive state of the intermetallic compound during the first hours of catalysis. An initial surface layer of bismuth oxide is reduced and re‐incorporated into the intermetallic compound. This material change is responsible for the initially observed activation of Pd11Bi2Se2 during the semi‐hydrogenation of acetylene.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd₁₁Bi₂Se₂ during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene

Aviziotis

Götze

Göhler

et al. 2018

Zeitschrift anorg allge chemie

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show abstract

“…The obtained activation energy value is 92.8 ± 1.9 kJ/mol. A close activation energy value was found in (Beres et al 1972) (90 kJ/mol). According to (Havlik 2008), when the process proceeds in kinetic mode, the activation energy assumes a value of more than 42 kJ/mol and, therefore, it can be assumed that in the case of the reaction studied in this work the reduction also occurs in kinetic mode.…”

Section: Reduction Kineticssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…It was noted in (Polyvyanny et al 1973) that an equation similar to (13) approximately describes the kinetics of Bi 2 O 3 reduction by carbon monoxide at the initial stage. In contrast to these data, a linear time dependence of Bi 2 O 3 reduction by hydrogen was found in (Beres et al 1972) for the temperature range of 350-500 °С, but the reaction was carried out only to the reduction degree of 2-8%.…”

Section: Reduction Kineticscontrasting

confidence: 63%

A study on the kinetics of bismuth oxide reduction by hydrogen as applied to the technology of removing hydrogen from circulation circuits with heavy liquid metal coolants

Иванов

Shelemetyev

Askhadullin

2019

NUCET

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As part of the project on developing methods for removing hydrogen and tritium from the circulation circuits of reactor plants with heavy liquid metal coolants, the authors studied the kinetics of bismuth oxide reduction by hydrogen in the temperature range of 425–500 °C and hydrogen concentrations of 25–100 vol.%. The kinetic characteristics of the test reaction were determined by continuous measurements of the water steam (reaction product) concentration in mixtures of hydrogen with helium that passed through a heated reaction vessel with a sample of bismuth oxide. The water steam concentration was measured by a thermal-conductivity detector. The obtained time dependences of the bismuth oxide reduction degree (with varying reaction conditions) were processed by the affine time transformation method. It was also found that the reduction process ran in kinetic mode. The reduction mechanism is the same in the entire temperature range. The limiting reaction stage is the adsorption of hydrogen on the surface of the bismuth oxide sample. The time dependence of the reduction degree is in good agreement with Avrami-Erofeev equation with n = 1. The reaction activation energy is 92.8 ± 1.9 kJ/mol. The reduction reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of hydrogen in its mixture with an inert gas.

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“…Кинетика восстановления свинца из PbO водородом исследовалась нами в [8,9]. Ранее в [10,11] исследовалась кинетика восстановления водородом висмута из его оксида. Однако результаты этих исследователей относительно качественных и коли чественных характеристик кинетики процесса (лимитирующая стадия реакции, энер гия активации) сильно отличаются, что обусловливает актуальность данной работы.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Study on the kinetics of bismuth oxide reduction by hydrogen as applied to the technology of removing hydrogen from circulation circuits with heavy liquid metal coolants

Иванов

Shelemetyev

Askhadullin

2019

YadEn

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Production of bismuth powder by the reduction of bismuth oxide with a mixture of molecular and atomic hydrogen

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd₁₁Bi₂Se₂ during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene

Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd₁₁Bi₂Se₂ during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene

A study on the kinetics of bismuth oxide reduction by hydrogen as applied to the technology of removing hydrogen from circulation circuits with heavy liquid metal coolants

Study on the kinetics of bismuth oxide reduction by hydrogen as applied to the technology of removing hydrogen from circulation circuits with heavy liquid metal coolants

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Production of bismuth powder by the reduction of bismuth oxide with a mixture of molecular and atomic hydrogen

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd11Bi2Se2 during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene

Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd11Bi2Se2 during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene

A study on the kinetics of bismuth oxide reduction by hydrogen as applied to the technology of removing hydrogen from circulation circuits with heavy liquid metal coolants

Study on the kinetics of bismuth oxide reduction by hydrogen as applied to the technology of removing hydrogen from circulation circuits with heavy liquid metal coolants

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Product

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Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd₁₁Bi₂Se₂ during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene

Activation of the Highly‐Selective Pd₁₁Bi₂Se₂ during the Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene