Production of biogas from municipal solid waste with domestic sewage

Elango, D.; Pulikesi, M.; Baskaralingam, P.; Ramamurthi, V.; Sivanesan, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.07.003

Cited by 132 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For the aforementioned reasons, anaerobic digestion is the most appropriate treatment of organic waste in order to achieve waste stabilization and energy generation [44,50,51]. Therefore, anaerobic treatment can produce a high amount of renewable energy, and subsequent composting will retain plant nutrients in the substrate for further use as organic fertilizer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

2014

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Background: Large amounts of fibre-rich organic waste material from public green and private gardens have to be treated environmentally friendly; however, this fibre-rich biomass has low biogas yields. This study investigated the presence of fungi in full-scale biogas plants as well as in laboratory reactors and elucidated the importance of fungi for the biogas process. Methods: The dominating members of the eukaryotic community were identified by analyzing 18S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region fragments of clone libraries. These identifications were accompanied by diverse microscopic techniques such as fluorescence microscopy and conventional scanning electron microscopy. Results: Cells of presumably fungal origin were characterized by intensive fluorescence and were about 1 order of magnitude larger than prokaryotic cells. Molecular techniques enabled to identify fungi from the subphyla Agaricomycotina, Mucoromycotina, Pezizomycotina, Pucciniomycotina and Saccharomycotina and from the class Neocallimastigomycetes. Members of these groups can be important for microbial degradation of complex compounds, due to the ability to penetrate cell walls, and thus open the cells for the influx of bacteria, further enhancing degradation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

2014

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“…Walkie et al (2004) achieved the highest TVS reduction of 60.4% at a temperature of 32.4°C during the treatment of dairy manure wastewaters. Elango et al (2007) reported 88.1% reduction in TVS over the temperature range of 26-36°C. Trazcinski and Stuckey (2011) reported TVS reductions in the range of 40-75% at the temperatures of 21-35°C during anaerobic digestion of solid waste.…”

Section: ------------------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Diurnally Cyclic Temperature on the Performance of a Continuous Mix Anaerobic Digester

Ghaly¹,

Hattab²

2011

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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Problem statement: Concentrated livestock production is a major contributor to environmental problems through the production of large quantity of husks on relatively small land area. Anaerobic digestion represents a valuable means of cover by these husks into methane while reducing manure pollution problems. Methodology: An experimental apparatus, including data acquisition and control system, was developed and used to investigate the effects of two diurnally cyclic temperature ranges (20-40 and 15-25°C) and four levels of hydraulic retention times (25, 20, 15 and 10 d) on the performance of anaerobic reactors operated on screened dairy manure. Results: The reactor temperature exhibited a lag relative to the chamber temperature. For the 20-40°C temperature cycles, the average lag at the maximum chamber temperature was 3.75 h while the lag at the minimum chamber temperature was 4.37 h. For the 15-25°C temperature cycle, the average lag at maximum chamber temperatures was 3.61 while the lag of the minimum chamber temperature was 4.34 h. The effluent solids content, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen concentrations were not adversely affected by the reactor diurnally cyclic temperature. The observed values of these parameters compared fairly well with the values obtained by other researchers. The effluent total solids, volatile suspended solids, TKN, NH 4 -N and methane content of the biogas diurnally cyclic patterns were out of phase with the diurnally cyclic pattern of the reactor temperature by about 12 h under most of the investigated operating conditions. The pH and the carbon dioxide content of the biogas all exhibited a diurnally cyclic pattern which was in phase with the reactor diurnally cyclic temperature. The reductions in total solids, total suspended solids, fixed suspended solids, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and methane yield were all significantly affected by the diurnal temperature range and hydraulic retention time. Conclusion: The measured reactor pH followed a diurnally cyclic pattern which was in phase with the reactor temperature. At the operating temperature cycle of 20-40°C, the reactor pH ranged from 6.80-7.54 while VFA concentration ranged from 44.7-154.8 mg L .

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“…The energy requirements for these systems are low because the control, monitoring, and mixing systems are not complicated. The main components of a ponding system are algae aerobic ponds, anaerobic areas, and facultative sections (Elango et al, 2007). Aerobic ponds and facultative sections play a crucial role in decreasing organic materials in the POME before they enter the water system.…”

Section: Ponding Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollutant in palm oil production process

Hosseini

Wahid

2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a by-product of the palm industry and it releases large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Water systems are also contaminated by POME if it is released into nonstandard ponds or rivers where it endangers the lives of fish and water fowl. In this paper, the environmental bottlenecks faced by palm oil production were investigated by analyzing the data collected from wet extraction palm oil mills (POMs) located in Malaysia. Strategies for reducing pollution and technologies for GHG reduction from the wet extraction POMs were also proposed. Average GHG emissions produced from processing 1 ton of crude palm oil (CPO) was 1100 kg CO 2 eq. This amount can be reduced to 200 kg CO 2 eq by capturing biogases. The amount of GHG emissions from open ponds could be decreased from 225 to 25 kg CO 2 eq/MT CPO by covering the ponds. Installation of biogas capturing system can decrease the average of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to about 17,100 mg/L and stabilizing ponds in the final step could decrease COD to 5220 mg/L. Using a biogas capturing system allows for the reduction of COD by 80% and simultaneously using a biogas capturing system and by stabilizing ponds can mitigate COD by 96%. Other ways to reduce the pollution caused by POME, including the installation of wet scrubber vessels and increasing the performance of biogas recovery and biogas upgrading systems, are studied in this paper.Implications: Around 0.87 m 3 POME is produced per 1 ton palm fruit milled. POME consists of around 2% oil, 2-4% suspended solid, 94-96% water. In palm oil mills, more than 90% of GHGs were emitted from POME. From 1 ton crude palm oil, 1100 kg CO 2 eq GHGs are generated, which can be reduced to 200 kg CO 2 eq by installation of biogas capturing equipment.

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Production of biogas from municipal solid waste with domestic sewage

Cited by 132 publications

References 6 publications

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

Fungi open new possibilities for anaerobic fermentation of organic residues

Effect of Diurnally Cyclic Temperature on the Performance of a Continuous Mix Anaerobic Digester

Pollutant in palm oil production process

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