Production of biodiesel and hydrogen from plant oil catalyzed by magnetic carbon-supported nickel and sodium silicate

Abstract

The production of biodiesel from plant oil was catalyzed by a magnetic Na2SiO3@Ni/C catalyst, and H2 was given off by the deactivated catalyst from the by-product of glycerol.

Synthesis of nanomagnetic sulphonated impregnated Ni/Mn/Na2SiO3 as catalyst for esterification of palm fatty acid distillate

“…The nal yield of 77% on the sixth run under optimum reaction conditions was similar to that obtained by Zhang et al 32 The amount of Ni and Mn leaching was less than that of Na. The reusability of the Na 2 SiO 3 -NiO-MnO/AC catalyst in terms of Ni and Mn particles showed that this catalyst could be used economically up to six times.…”

“…In the Na 2 SiO 3 -NiO-MnO/AC catalyst, the morphology and pores were also affected when Na 3 SiO 2 was added (Fig. 5e), a result similar to that obtained by Zhang et al 32 The most important difference was the surface appeared to be covered by a large amount of the combined material of NiO, MnO and SiO 2 , as these three oxides are all magnetic in nature. Moreover, the pores were heavily covered by a layer that appeared to be thin in some parts of the surface due to the power construction.…”

“…When NiO-MnO/AC was doped with Na 2 SiO 3 to produce the Na 2 SiO 3 -NiO-MnO/AC catalyst, the surface area of the catalyst was reduced due to the blockage of several pores by the Na 2 SiO 3 molecules. 32 The N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm plot exhibited a typical type IV adsorption-desorption isotherm, which is a characteristic of a mesoporous material. 37 Table 2 shows the surface area, pore size and pore volume of the catalysts.…”

“…The second peak of NH 3 desorption from the NiO-MnO/AC catalyst required high temperature to overcome the bond of NH 3 to the bulk. 32 The addition of Na 2 SiO 3 to the NiO-MnO/AC catalyst produced the Na 2 SiO 3 -NiO-MnO/AC catalyst. The shi of the rst peak toward lower temperature (from 450 C in NiO-MnO/AC to about 500 C in the Na 2 SiO 3 -NiO-MnO/AC catalyst) could be attributed to the demographic changes in the number and size of the pores.…”

Synthesis of magnetic carbonaceous acids derived from hydrolysates of Jatropha hulls for catalytic biodiesel production

“…. 30 The crude biodiesel that was produced was rst claried by being passed through a lter (pore size 0.22 mm, Merck Millipore). A Shimadzu gas chromatography (GC) system (GC-2014, Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a capillary column (Rtx-Wax, 30 m  0.25 mm  0.25 mm, Restek Corporation, Bellefonte, PA, USA) and a ame ionization detector (FID) was used for quantitative analysis of the yield of methyl esters in the product.…”