Production of Biocompatible Protein Functionalized Cellulose Membranes by a Top-Down Approach

Abstract

Protein functionalized cellulose fibrils were isolated from the tunic of Pyura chilensis and subsequently used to produce protein functionalized cellulose membranes. Bleached cellulose membranes were also obtained and used as reference material. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that the membranes are mostly constituted of cellulose along with the presence of residual proteins and pigments. Protein functionalized cellulose membranes were found to possess ∼3.1% of protein at their surface as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to identify and semiquantify the amount of residual sand grains present within the structure of the membranes. The presence of residual proteins was found not to significantly affect the tensile mechanical properties of the membranes. Streaming ζ-potential was used to assess surface charges of the membranes. Below pH 4, nonbleached cellulose membranes possessed highly negative surfaces charges and also significantly less negative surface charges at physiological pH when compared to bleached cellulose membranes. No significant difference was found with respect to growth kinetics of myoblasts at the surface of the membranes for cell culturing times of 48 and 72 h. After 48 h of culture, protein functionalized cellulose-based membranes that possess ∼3.1% of proteins at their surface (H1) were, however, found to promote higher cell density, cell spreading, and more orientated shape cell morphology when compared to the other cellulose-based membranes (H3 and B) evaluated in the present study.

Nanocellulose as promising reinforcement materials for biopolymer nanocomposites: a review

“…SEM observation showed nanocellulose inhomogeneous width size randomly distributed in the matrices. The surface-charged assessment of the membranes was determined using streaming ζ-potential indicating that nonbleached cellulose membranes possessed highly negative surface charges at pH below 4 [104].…”

Anatase Incorporation to Bioactive Scaffolds Based on Salmon Gelatin and Its Effects on Muscle Cell Growth

“…Cell adhesion was assessed after 4 h of seeding and compared with the control (cells adhered to commercial plastic for cell culture). For cell growth, the membranes were sampled at 24, 48, and 72 h; then, the data were fitted using the classic exponential model to obtain the specific growth rate (µ) [26].…”

Stiffening Polymer Brush Membranes for Enhanced Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Selectivity

“…Examples of polymer membranes include polyether sulfone, polyamide, − polyimide, − and cellulose. , These membranes are manufactured by one of two methods: phase inversion − and interfacial polymerization, , which are highly random and stochastic in nature . As a result, it is difficult to predict membrane morphology from synthesis parameters.…”