Production of biochar from Melia azedarach seeds for the crystal violet dye removal from water: combining of hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis

Abstract

Biochar has shown large potential in water treatment because of its low cost, good textural properties, and high reusability. In this study, two porous biochars were developed from the Melia azedarach seeds via direct pyrolysis process (B-700) and through hydrothermal carbonization followed with pyrolysis (HB-700). They were characterized by morphology, structural characteristics, and surface features and used to adsorb the crystal violet (CV) dye in water environment. Results of the isotherm approaches demonstrated that the removal capacity of these biochars reached 119.4 mg/g for B-700, and 209 mg/g for HB-700 (at 45°C). Also, the Avrami model best fitted the kinetic data. The electrostatic attraction was regarded as one of the adsorptions mechanisms of CV dye. The regeneration tests reveal that both B-700 and HB-700 are good reusable adsorbents. Finally, findings of the study showed that the hydrothermal carbonization method that precede the pyrolysis process can improve significantly the adsorption capacity of the produced biochar.

Mesoporous magnetic biochar derived from common reed (Phragmites australis) for rapid and efficient removal of methylene blue from aqueous media

“…As shown in Fig. 4 , both BC and MBC exhibited a type II adsorption behavior based on the IUPAC classification with H3 hysteresis loops suggesting the presence of mesopores in the texture (Nouioua et al 2023 ). The pore radii were 3.3 and 4.1 nm for BC and MBC, respectively, confirming the mesoporous structure of both materials (El Nemr et al 2022 ).…”