Production of beta-carotene in Zymomonas mobilis and Agrobacterium tumefaciens by introduction of the biosynthesis genes from Erwinia uredovora

Misawa, Norihiko; Yamano, Shigeyuki; Ikenaga, Hiroshi

doi:10.1128/aem.57.6.1847-1849.1991

Cited by 63 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…On the other hand, numerous bacteria such as E. coli do not have such ' lead ' isoprenoid compounds. Based on the fact that the Erwinia carotenoid biosynthesis genes are efficiently expressed in several bacteria such as E. coli, and confer the ability of the carotenoid synthesis from FPP [8,16,32], we expected that the subsequently generated carotenoid pigments would possibly function as a visible marker for evaluating overall isoprenoid compounds in the bacteria. In this study, we have successfully isolated cDNAs enhancing carotenoid levels, by using as a host E. coli that accumulates β-carotene due to the presence of the Erwinia carotenogenic genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of an exogenous isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase gene enhances isoprenoid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli

Kajiwara

Fraser

Kondö³

et al. 1997

Biochemical Journal

208

110

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Escherichia coli expressing the Erwinia carotenoid biosynthesis genes, crtE, crtB, crtI and crtY, form yellow-coloured colonies due to the presence of beta-carotene. This host was used as a visible marker for evaluating regulatory systems operating in isoprenoid biosynthesis of E. coli. cDNAs enhancing carotenoid levels were isolated from the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma and the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that they coded for proteins similar to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) isomerase of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Determination of enzymic activity confirmed the identity of the gene products as IPP isomerases. The corresponding gene was isolated from the genomic library of S. cerevisiae based on its nucleotide sequence, and was confirmed to have the same effect as the above two IPP isomerase genes when introduced into the E. coli transformant accumulating beta-carotene. In the three E. coli strains carrying the individual exogenous IPP isomerase genes, the increases in carotenoid levels are comparable to the increases in IPP isomerase enzyme activity with reference to control strains possessing the endogenous gene alone. These results imply that IPP isomerase forms an influential step in isoprenoid biosynthesis of the prokaryote E. coli, with potential for the efficient production of industrially useful isoprenoids by metabolic engineering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of an exogenous isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase gene enhances isoprenoid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli

Kajiwara

Fraser

Kondö³

et al. 1997

Biochemical Journal

208

110

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“…The cDNA of crtI, GGPP synthase (crtE) and crtYB genes from Erwinia uredovora were heterologously expressed in E. coli, showing lycopene accumulation in its transformants [65]. In addition, the crt genes derived from E. uredobora or E. herbicola were successfully used for the de novo biosynthesis of lycopene, β-carotene and zeaxanthin in E. coli [66]. In E. coli the innate apparatuses of the 2-Cmethyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway prepare isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP), which serve as the precursors to enter the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.…”

Section: Use Of Genomic Tools To Characterize Carotenoid Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthetic Pathway of Carotenoids in Rhodotorula and Strategies for Enhanced Their Production

Tang¹,

Wang²,

Jun³

et al. 2019

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

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Rhodotorula is a group of pigment-producing yeasts well known for its intracellular biosynthesis of carotenoids such as β-carotene, γ-carotene, torulene and torularhodin. The great potential of carotenoids in applications in food and feed as well as in health products and cosmetics has generated a market value expected to reach over $2.0 billion by 2022. Due to growing public concern over food safety, the demand for natural carotenoids is rising, and this trend significantly encourages the use of microbial fermentation for natural carotenoid production. This review covers the biological properties of carotenoids and the most recent findings on the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, as well as strategies for the metabolic engineering methods for the enhancement of carotenoid production by Rhodotorula. The practical approaches to improving carotenoid yields, which have been facilitated by advancements in strain work as well as the optimization of media and fermentation conditions, were summarized respectively.

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“…As a result, the in vivo synthesis of carotenoids has become increasingly necessary, and a number of reports have described their production in recombinant microorganisms (Farmer and Liao, 2000;Jones et al, 2000;Kajiwara et al, 1997;Kim and Keasling, 2001;Lee et al, 2004;Misawa and Shimada, 1997;Sandmann, 2003;Schmidt-Dannert et al, 2000). Carotenoids have been successfully synthesized in non-carotenogenic bacteria and yeast using recombinant DNA techniques (Misawa et al, 1991;Sandmann et al, 1990;Yamano et al, 1994). Considerable progress has been made in expressing all of the genes necessary to synthesize structurally different carotenoids such as lycopene, b-carotene, and zeaxanthin in Escherichia coli (Cunningham et al, 1993;Misawa et al, 1990;Ruther et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot‐gun method

Kang

Lee

Yoon

et al. 2005

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Genes enhancing lycopene production in Escherichia coli were identified through colorimetric screening of shot-gun library clones constructed with E. coli chromosomal DNA. These E. coli cells had been engineered to produce lycopene, a red-colored carotenoid, which enabled screening for genes that enhance lycopene production. Six clones with enhanced lycopene production were isolated. Among 13 genes in these clones, dxs, appY, crl, and rpoS were found to be involved in enhanced lycopene production. While dxs and rpoS have been already reported to enhance lycopene production, appY and crl have not. DXP (1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate) synthase is encoded by dxs and participates in the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), a building block of lycopene. Sigma S factor, encoded by rpoS, regulates transcription of genes induced at the stationary phase. The appY and crl genes encode transcriptional regulators related to anaerobic energy metabolism and the formation of curli surface fibers, respectively. E. coli harboring appY plasmids produced 2.8 mg lycopene/g dry cell weight (DCW), the same amount obtained with dxs despite the fact that appY is not directly involved in the lycopene synthesis pathway. The co-expression of appY, crl, and rpoS with dxs synergistically enhanced lycopene production. The co-expression of appY with dxs produced eight times the amount of lycopene (4.7 mg/g DCW) that was produced without expression of both genes (0.6 mg/g DCW).

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Production of beta-carotene in Zymomonas mobilis and Agrobacterium tumefaciens by introduction of the biosynthesis genes from Erwinia uredovora

Cited by 63 publications

References 20 publications

Expression of an exogenous isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase gene enhances isoprenoid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli

Expression of an exogenous isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase gene enhances isoprenoid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli

Biosynthetic Pathway of Carotenoids in Rhodotorula and Strategies for Enhanced Their Production

Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot‐gun method

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