Production of Benzene from Lignin through Current Enhanced Catalytic Conversion

Wu, Xiaoping; Fan, Mingming; Li, Quanxin

doi:10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1603052

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This result was consistent with previous observations that the incorporation of metal oxides decreased the surface area and pore volume of zeolites . The decrease in the pore volume can be mainly attributed to the partial blockage of zeolite pore openings by the metal oxides . A certain amount of metal oxides may enter the channels in the modified HZSM‐5 zeolites, which also causes the decrease in pore volume …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…HZSM‐5 zeolites (named as HZ) with Si/Al ratios of 25, 50 and 80 were supplied by Nankai University Catalyst Co., Ltd (Tianjin, China). La 2 O 3 ‐ and/or CeO 2 ‐modified HZSM‐5 zeolite catalysts were prepared by impregnation of HZSM‐5 with solutions of lanthanum and/or cerium nitrates respectively . These catalysts were denoted as x %La/HZ, y %Ce/HZ and x %La/ y %Ce/HZ, where x and y are the mass percentages of the corresponding metal oxides (modifiers) in the zeolite catalyst.…”

Section: Materials and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acidities of the catalysts were measured by ammonia temperature‐programmed desorption (NH 3 ‐TPD) from 100 to 700 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C min −1 . To examine the external acidity of the modified zeolites, the catalytic cracking of TIPB was used as a surface probe reaction and performed in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor . To clearly show the differences in external acidity between the parent HZSM‐5 and the modified HZSM‐5 zeolites, the catalytic cracking reactions of TIPB were typically conducted at 350 °C and a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 1.0 h −1 .…”

Section: Materials and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…La 2 O 3 -and/or CeO 2 -modified HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts were prepared by impregnation of HZSM-5 with solutions of lanthanum and/or cerium nitrates respectively. 41,[49][50][51] These catalysts were denoted as x%La/HZ, y%Ce/HZ and x%La/y%Ce/HZ, where x and y are the mass percentages of the corresponding metal oxides (modifiers) in the zeolite catalyst. Typically, HZ was impregnated in the corresponding metal nitrate solution overnight, followed by rotary evaporation at 80 ∘ C for 6 h. The dried sample was calcined at 550 ∘ C for 5 h and crushed to 40-60 mesh before use.…”

Section: Catalysts and Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To examine the external acidity of the modified zeolites, the catalytic cracking of TIPB was used as a surface probe reaction and performed in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor. [49][50][51] To clearly show the differences in external acidity between the parent HZSM-5 and the modified HZSM-5 zeolites, the catalytic cracking reactions of TIPB were typically conducted at 350 ∘ C and a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 1.0 h −1 . 41 The main properties of the catalysts are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Catalysts and Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective conversion of furans to p‐xylene with surface‐modified zeolites

Zhu

Fan

Wang

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Owing to the growing consumption of oil and the negative environmental impacts, the production of p‐xylene (PX) from renewable biomass has gained significant attention recently. However, the major challenge for the production of PX from biomass or furans is how to improve the yield and selectivity of PX, along with reducing coke. RESULTS The para selectivity in the catalytic conversion of furans was greatly enhanced owing to the deactivation of external surface and the adjustment of pore entrance. Co‐catalytic conversion of furans and methanol significantly enhanced the production of PX by the Diels–Alder reactions between furans and olefins and the alkylation of benzene/toluene with methanol. The highest PX yield of 17.8 C‐mol% with a p‐xylene/xylene ratio of 94.5% was obtained by the co‐conversion of 2‐methylfuran with methanol over the 15%La/10%Ce/HZ catalyst. CONCLUSION This work proved that furans (2‐methylfuran, 2,5‐dimethylfuran, furfural and furan) were able to be selectively converted into a high‐value chemical (PX) over the 15%La/10%Ce/HZ catalyst. The transformation mainly involved four key reactions: the catalytic cracking of furans, the Diels–Alder reactions, the alkylation of aromatics and the isomerization of xylenes over the surface‐modified zeolite. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Materials and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Catalysts and Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Catalysts and Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective conversion of furans to p‐xylene with surface‐modified zeolites

Zhu

Fan

Wang

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BTX from Lignin

Gong¹

2023

Industrial Arene Chemistry

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The ecology and bioactivity of some Greco-Roman medicinal minerals: the case of Melos earth pigments

Knapp

Christidis

Venieri

et al. 2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Mineral compounds, as pigments and therapeutics, appeared regularly in the technical and medical texts of the Greco-Roman (G-R) world. We have referred to them as ‘G-R medicinal minerals’ and we suggest that despite their seeming familiarity, there are actually many unknowns regarding their precise nature and/or purported pharmacological attributes. Earth pigments are part of that group. This paper presents a brief overview of our work over the past twenty years relating to: a. the attempt to locate a select number of them in the places of their origin; b. their chemical/mineralogical characterization; c. the study of their ecology via the identification of the microorganisms surrounding them; d. their testing as antibacterials against known pathogens. In the process, and to fulfil the above, we have developed a novel methodological approach which includes a range of analytical techniques used across many disciplines (mineralogy, geochemistry, DNA extraction and microbiology). This paper focuses on a select number of earth pigments deriving from the island of Melos in the SW Aegean, celebrated in antiquity for its Melian Earth, a white pigment, and asks whether they might display antibacterial activity. We demonstrate that some (but not all) yellow, green and black earth pigments do. We also show that the manner in which they were dispensed (as powders or leachates) was equally important. The results, although preliminary, are informative. Given their use since deep time, earth pigments have never lost their relevance. We suggest that the study of their ecology/mineralogy and potential bioactivity allows for a better understanding of how our perception of them, as both pigments and therapeutics, may have evolved.

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Production of Benzene from Lignin through Current Enhanced Catalytic Conversion

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Selective conversion of furans to p‐xylene with surface‐modified zeolites

Selective conversion of furans to p‐xylene with surface‐modified zeolites

BTX from Lignin

The ecology and bioactivity of some Greco-Roman medicinal minerals: the case of Melos earth pigments

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