Production of alkaline protease by a thermophilic Bacillus subtilis under solid-state fermentation (SSF) condition using Imperata cylindrica grass and potato peel as low-cost medium: Characterization and application of enzyme in detergent formulation

Mukherjee, Ashis K.; Adhikari, Hemanta; Sudhir, K.

doi:10.1016/j.bej.2007.09.017

Cited by 177 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…level of extracellular enzyme production is influenced by several variables such as temperature, pH and media components. Moreover, several low cost agro-industrial by-products such as rice bran [9], corn steep liquor [10], soybean meal [11], feather meal [12], potato peel [13] and green gram husk [14] have been used as media components to reduce the cost of enzyme production. The present study aims to improve the protease production by Bacillus sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Alkaline Protease Production by Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. KW2 in Low Cost Medium using Statistical Approaches

Kshetri¹,

Ningombam²

2016

Appli Micro Open Access

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Objective: Isolation of alkaline protease producing alkaliphilic bacteria and optimization of protease production in low cost medium.Methods: Optimization of protease production was performed by one-variable-at-a-time (OVAAT) approach and statistical approaches using Design Expert 6 software.Results: Nine (9) morphologically distinct alkaliphilic bacterial strains were isolated. Of these isolates 6 strains were found to be positive for protease production. Among these proteolytic strains, Bacillus sp. KW2 was selected for protease production optimization studies. The optimal protease production was observed at 30°C and pH 10.7. Among the various carbon and nitrogen sources studied rice bran and soybean meal were found to be the best Carbon and Nitrogen sources respectively. Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was used to screen signal factors that influenced the protease production. Rice bran, soybean meal, inoculum age, CaCl 2 and inoculum size gave positive effects whereas KH 2 PO 4 and MgSO 4 gave negative effects on protease production. The four most critical factors viz. rice bran, soybean meal, CaCl 2 and KH 2 PO 4 were selected for optimization studies by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The response surface graphs showed significant interactions among the factors and a final optimized medium (FOM) was obtained after PBD and RSM experiments. Overall, a 4.8 fold increase in protease production was observed after optimization. Studies of the time course of protease production by Bacillus sp. KW2 revealed that maximal protease production occurred at the stationary phase (84 h) of growth.Conclusions: The present study shows that protease production is greatly influenced by cultural conditions and media constituents. This study also established that the strain KW2 could produce alkaline protease in a low cost medium containing rice bran and soybean meal as major carbon and nitrogen sources. KW2 and its protease may be promising agents for biotechnological applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Alkaline Protease Production by Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. KW2 in Low Cost Medium using Statistical Approaches

Kshetri¹,

Ningombam²

2016

Appli Micro Open Access

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“…Previously, 30, 40, 100 and 140% initial moisture contents of wheat bran, lentil husk, Imperata cylindrica and potato peel, green gram husk and cow dung, were found to be optimum for maximum protease production by Bacillus sp. in SSF (Prakasham et al, 2006;Mukherjee et al, 2008;Uyar and Baysal, 2004;Vijayaraghavan et al, 2012). Adequate precision measures the signal-to-noise ratio with the ratio greater than 4 is desirable (Anderson and Whitcomb, 2005).…”

Section: Elucidation Of Significant Factors By Two-level Full Factorimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agroindustrial residues are widely used for the production of alkaline protease by many bacterial species including, Bacillus sp. (Prakasham et al, 2006;Mukherjee et al, 2008). The waste substances, such as corn steep liquor, feather meal (De Azeredo et al, 2006) and proteinaceous tannery solid waste, were also used as the substrate for the production of alkaline proteases (Ravindran et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Approach for the Production and Partial Characterization of Alkaline Stable Protease from a Newly Isolated Bacillus sp. IND6 for Silver Recovery

Vijayaragh¹,

Kalaiyaras²,

Prakash³

2015

Research J. of Microbiology

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A low-cost culture medium for the production of bacterial alkaline protease was developed after response surface methodological approach. Central composite design was applied to optimize the concentration of the three significant factors, namely pH, sucrose and yeast extract. A second-order model equation was obtained and then validated experimentally. The model adequacy was highly satisfactory as the coefficient of determination was 0.98. The maximum enzyme production was 2213 U mLG 1 after 72 h of incubation, which showed about fivefold increase in enzyme production than unoptimized medium. The partially purified enzyme showed optimum activity at 50°C at pH 9.0. Crude enzyme exhibited a significant stability with most of the tested commercial laundry detergents. This enzyme removed the gelatin layer of used X-ray film effectively. Considering its promising properties, Bacillus cereus IND6 enzymatic preparations may be considered a potential candidate for detergent applications and silver recovery.

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“…Sodium sulfate were previously used due to their efficiency and environmentally friendship (Macedo et al, 2005). The enzyme was used at pH 9 to10 during soaking process to facilitate water absorption from leather , which is also used with softeners and keratin for hair removal during leather processing in a short time (Mukherjee et al, 2008). Proteinases from B. subtilis shows an activity to hydrolyze keratin instead of sodium sulfate during hair removing (Arunachalam and Saritha, 2009), while Verma et al (2011) used proteases from Thermoactinomyces sp.…”

Section: +2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of activators and inhibitors on extracellular thermostable alkaline protease isolated from Bacillus subtilis obtained from eastern province of Saudi Arabia

Al-Khaldi¹,

Al-Abdalall²

2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Alkaline proteases need some ions to achieve highest activity. These metallic ions help in, enzyme stability and activity through its thermal stability at high degrees. This protects the enzyme from being destroyed by heat. The results show that the ideal condition for enzyme activity was, using Mn 2+ ions as the activator with 1112.5 U/ml activity, while MgSO 4 .7H 2 O has lower effectiveness of an enzyme activity 247.5 U/ml. Benzene was the best solvent (867.5 U/ml), however ethylene glycol extract had lower solvents on enzyme activity (530 U/ml). KMnO 4 has the best inhibitor with enzyme activity of 1325 U/ml, while ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) has the most effective inhibitor enzyme activity with 575 U/ml. Traditional methods in leather industries are based on using H 2 S and other chemicals, which are considered as ways of pollution and threaten the environmental health. So, biological treatment using protease enzyme is environmentally safe and help to ease manipulation, less byproducts and wastes. Alkaline protease is used in soaking leather, incubate at 50° C for different periods then wash and hair remove by distaining processes. The enzyme control remove hair for 30 min, its activity decreased for a period of 180 min making the enzyme potentially suitable for biotechnological applications.

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Production of alkaline protease by a thermophilic Bacillus subtilis under solid-state fermentation (SSF) condition using Imperata cylindrica grass and potato peel as low-cost medium: Characterization and application of enzyme in detergent formulation

Cited by 177 publications

References 26 publications

Optimization of Alkaline Protease Production by Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. KW2 in Low Cost Medium using Statistical Approaches

Optimization of Alkaline Protease Production by Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. KW2 in Low Cost Medium using Statistical Approaches

Statistical Approach for the Production and Partial Characterization of Alkaline Stable Protease from a Newly Isolated Bacillus sp. IND6 for Silver Recovery

Effect of activators and inhibitors on extracellular thermostable alkaline protease isolated from Bacillus subtilis obtained from eastern province of Saudi Arabia

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