Production of adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory protein, in mesenteric adipose tissue in Crohn's disease

Abstract

Background and aims: A characteristic feature of Crohn's disease (CD) is mesenteric adipose tissue hypertrophy. Mesenteric adipocytes or specific proteins secreted by them may play a role in the pathogenesis of CD. We recently identified adiponectin as an adipocyte specific protein with antiinflammatory properties. Here we report on expression of adiponectin in mesenteric adipose tissue of CD patients. Methods and results: Mesenteric adipose tissue specimens were obtained from patients with CD (n = 22), ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 8) and, for controls, colon carcinoma patients (n = 28) who underwent intestinal resection. Adiponectin concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and adiponectin mRNA levels were determined by real time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Tissue concentrations and release of adiponectin were significantly increased in hypertrophied mesenteric adipose tissue of CD patients compared with normal mesenteric adipose tissue of CD patients (p = 0.002, p = 0.040, respectively), UC patients (p = 0.002, p = 0.003), and controls (p,0.0001, p,0.0001). Adiponectin mRNA levels were significantly higher in hypertrophied mesenteric adipose tissue of CD patients than in paired normal mesenteric adipose tissue from the same subjects (p = 0.024). Adiponectin concentrations in hypertrophied mesenteric adipose tissue of CD patients with an internal fistula were significantly lower than those of CD patients without an internal fistula (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Our results suggest that adipocytes in hypertrophied mesenteric adipose tissue produce and secrete significant amounts of adiponectin, which could be involved in the regulation of intestinal inflammation associated with CD.

Circulating levels of chemerin and adiponectin are higher in ulcerative colitis and chemerin is elevated in Crohnʼs disease

“…Comparison of different fat depots revealed that visceral fat produces higher amounts of adiponectin compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue [28]. Mesenteric hypertrophic adipose tissue characteristic for CD patients even secretes more adiponectin than normal mesenteric fat of the identical patient [29]. In addition, adiponectin release from creeping fat of CD patients is elevated compared to mesenteric adipose tissue of patients with colon cancer or diverticulitis [30].…”

Study of adiponectin in chronic liver disease and cholestasis

“…In addition to the above actions, adiponectin has several anti-inflammatory effects. It facilitates the removal of early apoptotic cells by macrophages; it reduces TNF-a production in response to various stresses and antagonizes several of its inflammatory effects; it reduces monocyte attachment to endothelial cells by inhibiting expression of vascular cell adhesion molecules; intercellular adhesion molecules and E-selectin [6]; it inhibits the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and enhances the production of IL-10 and acts as a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 [7,8].…”

Association between serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin level and the severity of chronic graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients

“…Recently, it has been revealed that adiponectin, an adipokine that is secreted by adipose tissues, is associated with immunity and inflammation and may play a critical role in both obesity-related and autoimmune diseases. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Therefore, we compared the serum adiponectin levels among allo-SCT recipients and normal subjects to assess the association between adiponectin and cGVHD.…”