Production of 4-hydroxybutyrate from succinate semialdehyde in butyrate biosynthesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis

Yamaguchi, Yasuo; Sato, Mitsunari; Nagano, Keiji; Hasegawa, Yoshinori; Okamoto, Takashi; Yoshimura, Fuminobu

doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.019

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Interestingly, metabolites of the gut anaerobic bacteria played a key role in the immune responses and epithelial barrier function . Because various anaerobic bacteria were also detected in the respiratory tract, lung microbiota might share common features with gut microbiota and influence pathogenic bacterial infection in the respiratory tract (Table ).…”

Section: Impact Of Co‐infections and Microbiota In The Respiratory Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of micro‐environmental changes on respiratory tract infections with intracellular bacteria

et al. 2016

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Edited by Wilhelm JustCommunity-acquired pneumonia is caused by intra-and extracellular bacteria, with some of these bacteria also being linked to the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chlamydia pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular pathogen that is highly sensitive to micro-environmental conditions controlling both pathogen growth and host immune responses. The availability of nutrients, as well as changes in oxygen, pH and interferon-c levels, have been shown to directly influence the chlamydial life cycle and clearance. Although the lung has been traditionally regarded as a sterile environment, sequencing approaches have enabled the identification of a large number of bacteria in healthy and diseased lungs. The influence of the lung microbiota on respiratory infections has not been extensively studied so far and data on chlamydial infections are currently unavailable. In the present study, we speculate on how lung microbiota might interfere with acute and chronic infections by focusing exemplarily on the obligate intracellular C. pneumoniae. Furthermore, we consider changes in the gut microbiota as an additional player in the control of lung infections, especially in view the increasing evidence suggesting the involvement of the gut microbiota in various immunological processes throughout the human body.

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Section: Impact Of Co‐infections and Microbiota In The Respiratory Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of micro‐environmental changes on respiratory tract infections with intracellular bacteria

et al. 2016

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“…Porphyromonas gingivalis deletion mutants lacking PGN_1171, PGN_0725, PGN_1341, and/or PGN_1888 gene were constructed by replacing each gene with ermF and ermB ( erm cassette), as previously described ( Yoshida et al, 2015 ). Approximately 0.7-kb-long upstream and downstream flanking fragments of each gene were PCR-amplified from genomic DNA of P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 using primers listed in Supplementary Table S1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently reported the identification and characterization of two reductases that produce succinate semialdehyde and 4-hydroxybutyrate, both of which are intermediates of the butyrate synthetic pathway of P. gingivalis ( Yoshida et al, 2015 , 2016 ). We are now extending molecular studies of the butyrate production pathway to the final step of the pathway ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three CoA Transferases Involved in the Production of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Porphyromonas gingivalis

et al. 2016

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Butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase, which produces butyrate and acetyl-CoA from butyryl-CoA and acetate, is responsible for the final step of butyrate production in bacteria. This study demonstrates that in the periodontopathogenic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis this reaction is not catalyzed by PGN_1171, previously annotated as butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase, but by three distinct CoA transferases, PGN_0725, PGN_1341, and PGN_1888. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and spectrophotometric analyses were performed using crude enzyme extracts from deletion mutant strains and purified recombinant proteins. The experiments revealed that, in the presence of acetate, PGN_0725 preferentially utilized butyryl-CoA rather than propionyl-CoA. By contrast, this preference was reversed in PGN_1888. The only butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase activity was observed in PGN_1341. Double reciprocal plots revealed that all the reactions catalyzed by these enzymes follow a ternary-complex mechanism, in contrast to previously characterized CoA transferases. GC-MS analysis to determine the concentrations of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in culture supernatants of P. gingivalis wild type and mutant strains revealed that PGN_0725 and PGN_1888 play a major role in the production of butyrate and propionate, respectively. Interestingly, a triple deletion mutant lacking PGN_0725, PGN_1341, and PGN_1888 produced low levels of SCFAs, suggesting that the microorganism contains CoA transferase(s) in addition to these three enzymes. Growth rates of the mutant strains were mostly slower than that of the wild type, indicating that many carbon compounds produced in the SCFA synthesis appear to be important for the biological activity of this microorganism.

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“…. PGN_0724 protein catalyzes reduction of succinate semialdehyde to produce 4‐hydroxybuturate, which is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway for butyrate production . Butyrate, a known toxic bacterial metabolic end product, has been found in the oral cavity .…”

Section: Identified Phosphoproteins In Porphyromonas Gingivalis Atcc mentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of novel phosphoproteins of Porphyromonas gingivalis using phosphate‐affinity chromatography

Izumigawa

Hasegawa

Ikai

et al. 2016

Microbiology and Immunology

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Phosphorylation of serine, threonine and tyrosine is a central mechanism for regulating the structure and function of proteins in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, the action of phosphorylated proteins present in Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontopathogen, is not fully understood. Here, six novel phosphoproteins that possess metabolic activities were identified, namely PGN_0004, PGN_0375, PGN_0500, PGN_0724, PGN_0733 and PGN_0880, having been separated by phosphate-affinity chromatography. The identified proteins were detectable by immunoblotting specific to phosphorylated Ser (P-Ser), P-Thr, and/or P-Tyr. These results imply that novel phosphorylated proteins might play an important role for regulation of metabolism in P. gingivalis.

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Production of 4-hydroxybutyrate from succinate semialdehyde in butyrate biosynthesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Impact of micro‐environmental changes on respiratory tract infections with intracellular bacteria

Impact of micro‐environmental changes on respiratory tract infections with intracellular bacteria

Three CoA Transferases Involved in the Production of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Porphyromonas gingivalis

Separation of novel phosphoproteins of Porphyromonas gingivalis using phosphate‐affinity chromatography

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