Production Geology as a Tool for Monitoring Water Influx in a Compartmentalized California Monterey Fractured Reservoir

Zhao, Xiaoxi; Ershaghi, Iraj

doi:10.2118/180472-ms

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Etched glass model Davis [25], Mast [26], Wardlaw [27], Morrow [28,29], Qu [31] Laser etching of glass model Yu [32], Wu [33], Zhou [34], Fan [24], Li [35,37], Shi [36], Espinola-Gonzalea [38], Al-Ghanim [39], Wang [40], Zhao [41], Feng [42],…”

Section: Experimental Model Research Scholar Experimental Methods Exp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of laser technology, Yu [32], Wu [33], Zhou [34], Li [35] and Fan [24] et al obtained the pore structure of rock by casting thin slices, and advanced laser etching technology was used to etch the real pore structure of rock on optical glass plate to make a transparent microscopic gas-water two-phase percolation experimental model for the camera. Due to the application and development of micro-nano CT imaging technology in the characterization of microscopic pore-throat structure of rocks, scholars [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] further directly scanned rock samples through CT to obtain more real images, and extracted the morphology of cracks and holes, then obtaining physical models through laser etching glass. Figure 1 shows the process of building a visual model.…”

Section: Microscopic Visualized Physical Simulation Experimental Tech...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Simulation Experimental Technology and Mechanism of Water Invasion in Fractured-Porous Gas Reservoir: A Review

Zhou

et al. 2021

Energies

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In the development process for a fractured-porous gas reservoir with developed fracture and active water, edge water or bottom water easily bursts rapidly along the fracture to the production well, and the reservoir matrix will absorb water, reducing the gas percolation channel and increasing the gas phase percolation resistance of the reservoir matrix, therefor reducing the stable production capacity and recovery efficiency of the gas reservoir. For this reason, this paper investigates physical simulation experimental technology and mechanisms as reported by both domestic and foreign scholars regarding water invasion in fractured-porous gas reservoirs. In this paper, it is considered that the future trend and focus of water invasion experiments will be to establish a more realistic three-dimensional physical model on the basis of fine geological description, combined with gas reservoir well pattern deployment and production characteristics, and to fully consider the difference between horizontal and vertical water invasion along the reservoir side; at the same time, dynamic parameters such as model pressure field and water saturation field can be obtained in real time. Based on this understanding of the water invasion mechanism of fractured-porous gas reservoirs, we propose the next research direction and the development countermeasures such as water controls, drainage, and dissolved water seals and water locks to combat water invasion in reservoirs, along with the injection of gas to replenish formation energy, etc., so as to slow down and control the influence of water invasion.

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Section: Experimental Model Research Scholar Experimental Methods Exp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microscopic Visualized Physical Simulation Experimental Tech...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Simulation Experimental Technology and Mechanism of Water Invasion in Fractured-Porous Gas Reservoir: A Review

Zhou

et al. 2021

Energies

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“…ere are many water influx gas reservoirs in the world, such as Longwangmiao gas reservoir [1], California Monterey reservoir [2], and Baiyun sag reservoir in the Pearl River Mouth Basin [3]. e water influx has a significant effect on the gas well production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production Decline Behavior Analysis of a Vertical Well with a Natural Water Influx/Waterflood

Wei

Ren

Duan

et al. 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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The production decline type curves are considered as a robust technique to interpret the production data and obtain the flow parameters, the original gas in place, etc. However, most of the previous models have focused on the primary depletion with a closed boundary, rather than on the secondary depletion with a water influx/waterflood. Therefore, in this study, a transient flow model considering the water influx/waterflood is developed. Subsequently, the functions of the production decline type curves for a vertical well with a water influx/waterflood are derived based on the material balance equation. In other words, the theory of Blasingame production decline analysis is extended to the water influx/waterflood reservoir. Further advanced Blasingame production decline type curves for a vertical well in water influx/waterflood reservoirs are generated. Compared with Blasingame type curves without a water influx/waterflood, the behavior of the ones presented in this study is quite different at the boundary. Thereafter, the effects of the relevant parameters, including the dimensionless maximum water influx, the dimensionless beginning time of the water influx, and the dimensionless external boundary radius, are studied on type curves. Finally, Blasingame type curves for a vertical well in water influx/waterflood reservoirs are verified through a field case study. This work provides very meaningful references for reservoir engineers working on the evaluation of the water influx and the estimation of the beginning time of the water influx by matching the developed type curves with the actual field data.

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Securing California Gas Supplies by Storage in Mature Fractured Monterey Reservoirs of Offshore California

Ershaghi

Paul

Kaba

2018

Day 3 Tue, April 24, 2018

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In this paper we discuss our studies conducted on two California offshore fields that may be abandoned in near future. The purpose of the study was to examine the feasibility of re-purposing these fields to suitable offshore gas storage by utilizing the reservoir voidage and by using the existing pipeline facilities. These storage sites could offer a significant alternative to the current onshore sites located in highly populated urban areas of California. Gas storage in certain California offshore fields producing from the fractured Monterey formation could eliminate the potential environmental risks associated with urban onshore storage of gas and prevent incidents such as the October 23, 2015 one in the Aliso Canyon Natural Gas Storage Facility in Los Angeles County. The 100,000 tonnes of methane emitted into the atmosphere resulted in the relocation of thousands of people from the areas proximal to the facility. Study of the caprock and initial reservoir pressures encountered in these fields shows that a proposed 3000 psi storage pressure is safe for offshore storage purposes. Our computation of voidage caused by more than 3 decades of production shows that on a total basis, under a storage pressure cap of 3000 psi, these two fields together can help in storage of more than 3 TCF of gas. This is about 5 times the existing storage capacity of 0.6 TCF in California. On the long terms basis, the proposed offshore storage fields could provide a secure source of energy for the evolving market of California CNG based transportation, power generation and other consumer needs.

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Production Geology as a Tool for Monitoring Water Influx in a Compartmentalized California Monterey Fractured Reservoir

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Physical Simulation Experimental Technology and Mechanism of Water Invasion in Fractured-Porous Gas Reservoir: A Review

Physical Simulation Experimental Technology and Mechanism of Water Invasion in Fractured-Porous Gas Reservoir: A Review

Production Decline Behavior Analysis of a Vertical Well with a Natural Water Influx/Waterflood

Securing California Gas Supplies by Storage in Mature Fractured Monterey Reservoirs of Offshore California

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