Production, fuel properties and combustion testing of an iso-olefins blendstock for modern vehicles

Dagle, Vanessa Lebarbier; Affandy, Martin; Lopez, Johnny Saavedra; Cosimbescu, Lelia; Gaspar, Daniel J.; Goldsborough, S. Scott; Rockstroh, Toby; Cheng, Song; Han, Taehoon; Kolodziej, Christopher P.; Hoth, Alexander; Majumdar, Sreshtha Sinha; Pihl, Josh A.; Alleman, Teresa L.; Hays, Cameron; McEnally, Charles S.; Zhu, Junqing; Pfefferle, Lisa D.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122314

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The pollutant problem for bioethanol (Figure 2, column 8, bottom cells) is that under some conditions VOC emissions and associated O 3 production can be larger for high‐blend ethanol fuels (E85) compared with conventional gasoline (e.g., see Ginnebaugh & Jacobson, 2012). However, there is recent evidence that different blends of biofuels in modern vehicles could allow higher engine efficiency and better fuel economy (Dagle et al, 2022). Fertitta‐Roberts et al (2017) summarized the substantial LCA evidence that cellulosic ethanol has GHG intensities less than half those of conventional gasoline.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of our review objectives was to identify whether there are biomass uses being introduced as GHG mitigation measures which have negative impacts on air quality (criteria pollutants). Other than the blends of bioethanol with conventional gasoline in transportation fuels, which was discussed above (Dagle et al, 2022; Ginnebaugh & Jacobson, 2012), concerns over this have focused in particular around the use of biomass combustion for electricity generation. However, there is a clear weight of evidence here that controlled combustion of biomass in power stations results in lower criteria pollutant emissions than occur in wildfires and when agricultural residues are burnt on site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The good, the bad, and the future: Systematic review identifies best use of biomass to meet air quality and climate policies in California

Freer‐Smith,

Bailey‐Bale,

Donnison

et al. 2023

GCB Bioenergy

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California has large and diverse biomass resources and provides a pertinent example of how biomass use is changing and needs to change, in the face of climate mitigation policies. As in other areas of the world, California needs to optimize its use of biomass and waste to meet environmental and socioeconomic objectives. We used a systematic review to assess biomass use pathways in California and the associated impacts on climate and air quality. Biomass uses included the production of renewable fuels, electricity, biochar, compost, and other marketable products. For those biomass use pathways recently developed, information is available on the effects—usually beneficial—on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and there is some, but less, published information on the effects on criteria pollutants. Our review identifies 34 biomass use pathways with beneficial impacts on either GHG or pollutant emissions, or both—the “good.” These included combustion of forest biomass for power and conversion of livestock‐associated biomass to biogas by anaerobic digestion. The review identified 13 biomass use pathways with adverse impacts on GHG emissions, criteria pollutant emissions, or both—the “bad.” Wildfires are an example of one out of eight pathways which were found to be bad for both climate and air quality, while only two biomass use pathways reduced GHG emissions relative to an identified counterfactual but had adverse air quality impacts. Issues of high interest for the “future” included land management to reduce fire risk, future policies for the dairy industries, and full life‐cycle analysis of biomass production and use.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The good, the bad, and the future: Systematic review identifies best use of biomass to meet air quality and climate policies in California

Freer‐Smith,

Bailey‐Bale,

Donnison

et al. 2023

GCB Bioenergy

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show abstract

“…The next step with this work is to link the ϕ-sensitivity metrics measured in engines to the ϕ-sensitivity metrics measured in benchtop experiments , and kinetics simulations. , All three forms of ϕ-sensitivity evaluation are needed to fully validate simulations of the benefits that ACI engines and ϕ-sensitive fuels can confer. Kinetic mechanisms for the pentanols are currently under development at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ϕ-Sensitivity of Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends in an Advanced Compression Ignition Engine

et al. 2023

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Advanced compression ignition (ACI) engines have shown the potential to improve internal combustion engine efficiency while drastically reducing levels of nitrogen oxides (NO X ) and particulate matter, including soot, in the exhaust. However, achieving high loads and control over ACI engines requires improvement of fuel ϕ-sensitivity relative to standard gasoline. Ideally, improving fuel ϕ-sensitivity will go hand-in-hand with reducing fuel carbon intensity. This study identifies three potential low-carbon fuels that can be blended with gasoline for use in ACI engines: methyl pentanoate, 1-pentanol, and 2-pentanol. These fuels have been tested in approximately 30% blends with gasoline at three different speed/load conditions in a medium-duty CI engine. Two different ϕ-sensitivity metrics were developed. The first metric ("Type 1") evaluates the change in ignition timing with respect to the start-of-injection timing of the final injection in a multi-pulse ACI injection schedule. According to this metric, 1-pentanol increased ϕ-sensitivity by 57%, 2-pentanol by 56%, and methyl pentanoate by 21% over the baseline gasoline. The second metric ("Type 2") determines how far combustion phasing, in terms of degrees of engine rotation, could be advanced before a limit of engine ringing intensity was reached. According to this metric, 1-pentanol allowed 1.03°of advance, 2-pentanol 0.83°, and methyl pentanoate only 0.20°. For both metrics, these results are the average of three speed/load engine conditions, and for the methyl pentanoate, the standard deviation across these three conditions was larger than the average ϕ-sensitivity improvement. This leads to the conclusion that methyl pentanoate does not offer any significant ϕ-sensitivity benefits, while the pentanols do. Both 1-pentanol and 2-pentanol are thus fuels of interest for further study as low-carbon blendstocks for ACI engines.

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“…As already mentioned above, triple-branched isomers would be ideal in terms of octane number, but their content is less than 2 wt % in all experiments. According to [7], doublebranched C 8 oligomers exhibit octane numbers in the range of 70-80 and, as shown by Dagle et al [44], they can be added as blending components in proportions of up to 20 wt % without reducing the RON and the overall quality of the fuel. In addition, the blending offers advantages in terms of improved engine efficiency and reduced soot emissions.…”

Section: Influence Of Feed Composition On (Co-)oligomerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Co‐)Oligomerization of Olefins to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Influence of Feed Composition and Pressure

Fuchs

Arnold

Sauer

2023

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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The co‐oligomerization of methanol‐based C2‐4 olefins on a heterogeneous nickel silica‐alumina catalyst enables the production of fuel‐range hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was the production of gasoline and jet fuel, which was achieved with an overall selectivity of above 90 %. The influence of olefin feed composition and pressure was investigated at 120 °C. By employing olefin mixtures instead of one single olefin, selectivity to specific chain lengths decreases and quantities of the individual products converge. An increase of olefin pressure from 16 to 32 bar slightly shifts the liquid products to shorter oligomers and raises feed conversion.

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Production, fuel properties and combustion testing of an iso-olefins blendstock for modern vehicles

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

The good, the bad, and the future: Systematic review identifies best use of biomass to meet air quality and climate policies in California

The good, the bad, and the future: Systematic review identifies best use of biomass to meet air quality and climate policies in California

ϕ-Sensitivity of Gasoline/Oxygenate Blends in an Advanced Compression Ignition Engine

(Co‐)Oligomerization of Olefins to Hydrocarbon Fuels: Influence of Feed Composition and Pressure

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