Production cost and competitiveness in major salmon farming countries 2003–2018

Iversen, Audun; Asche, Frank; Hermansen, Øystein; Nystøyl, Ragnar

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735089

Cited by 136 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Treatment is obligatory when juvenile or adult female lice numbers exceed a threshold. Expenditures on treatment have been estimated at €0.087/treatment/kg production [ 6 ]. Ironically, treatment also induces production losses, which may even exceed production losses induced by lice themselves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Production losses induced by treatment include an elevated mortality and increased feed conversion ratio during and shortly after treatment. Total production losses induced by treatment have been estimated at €0.040/treatment/kg production [ 6 ]. Thus, each treatment involves a cost of €0.127/treatment/kg production.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment efficacy is 95% [ 24 ], hence is 20. On average, salmon are treated 2.4 times per year [ 6 ]. A production cycle lasts about 500 days followed by a 60-day fallowing period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the whole of Norway with a salmon production of 1.23 million tons [ 28 ], one standard deviation improvement in corresponds to a cost reduction of about 130 million €. In comparison, the expenditures on treatment and production losses induced by treatment combined are 380 million € [ 6 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macroparasites, such as ticks, lice, and helminths, are a concern in livestock and aquaculture production worldwide. Macroparasites may reduce the wellbeing of the animals [ 1 ], are transmitted from livestock to humans [ 2 ], impose a threat to wild populations due to pathogen spillover from farmed animals [ 3 , 4 ], and induce economic costs in farming [ 5 , 6 ]. Free range (outdoor) farming is particularly prone to macroparasites compared to indoor farming, because generally it provides more favourable conditions for parasites to complete their lifecycle, and thus the risk of infection from wild populations may be higher [ 2 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Derivation of the economic value of R0 for macroparasitic diseases and application to sea lice in salmon

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMacroparasites, such as ticks, lice, and helminths, are a concern in livestock and aquaculture production, and can be controlled by genetic improvement of the host population. Genetic improvement should aim at reducing the rate at which parasites spread across the farmed population. This rate is determined by the basic reproduction ratio, i.e. , which is the appropriate breeding goal trait. This study aims at providing a method to derive the economic value of .MethodsCosts of a disease are the sum of production losses and expenditures on disease control. Genetic improvement of lowers the loss-expenditure frontier. Its economic effect depends on whether the management strategy is optimized or not. The economic value may be derived either from the reduction in losses with constant expenditures or from the reduction in expenditures with constant losses.ResultsWhen ≤ 1, the economic value of a further reduction is zero because there is no risk of a major epidemic. When > 1 and management is optimized, the economic value increases with decreasing values of , because both the mean number of parasites per host and frequency of treatments decrease at an increasing rate when decreases. When > 1 and management is not optimized, the economic value depends on whether genetic improvement is used for reducing expenditures or losses. For sea lice in salmon, the economic value depends on a reduction in expenditures with constant losses, and is estimated to be 0.065€/unit /kg production.DiscussionResponse to selection for measures of disease prevalence cannot be predicted from quantitative genetic theory alone. Moreover, many studies fail to address the issue of whether genetic improvement results in reduced losses or expenditures. Using as the breeding goal trait, weighed by its appropriate economic value, avoids these issues.ConclusionWhen management is optimized, the economic value increases with decreasing values of (until the threshold of , where it drops to zero). When management is not optimized, the economic value depends on whether genetic improvement is used for reduced expenditures or production losses. For sea lice in salmon, the economic value is estimated to be 0.065 €/unit /kg production.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12711-018-0418-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment efficacy is 95% [ 24 ], hence is 20. On average, salmon are treated 2.4 times per year [ 6 ]. A production cycle lasts about 500 days followed by a 60-day fallowing period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Derivation of the economic value of R0 for macroparasitic diseases and application to sea lice in salmon

et al. 2018

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IIb‐RAD‐sequencing coupled with random forest classification indicates regional population structuring and sex‐specific differentiation in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

Guragain

Båtnes

Zobolas

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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The aquaculture industry has been dealing with salmon lice problems forming serious threats to salmonid farming. Several treatment approaches have been used to control the parasite. Treatment effectiveness must be optimized, and the systematic genetic differences between subpopulations must be studied to monitor louse species and enhance targeted control measures. We have used IIb‐RAD sequencing in tandem with a random forest classification algorithm to detect the regional genetic structure of the Norwegian salmon lice and identify important markers for sex differentiation of this species. We identified 19,428 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 95 individuals of salmon lice. These SNPs, however, were not able to distinguish the differential structure of lice populations. Using the random forest algorithm, we selected 91 SNPs important for geographical classification and 14 SNPs important for sex classification. The geographically important SNP data substantially improved the genetic understanding of the population structure and classified regional demographic clusters along the Norwegian coast. We also uncovered SNP markers that could help determine the sex of the salmon louse. A large portion of the SNPs identified to be under directional selection was also ranked highly important by random forest. According to our findings, there is a regional population structure of salmon lice associated with the geographical location along the Norwegian coastline.

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Environmental monitoring tools and strategies in salmon net‐pen aquaculture

Bell¹,

Mandel²,

Brainard³

et al. 2022

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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As global salmon production accelerates in response to higher consumer demand for seafood, so does the need for sophisticated monitoring strategies to enable and maintain ethically sound, productive, and environmentally friendly production of fish. Innovative technologies are needed to ensure proper water quality, react to unfavorable hydrodynamic conditions, monitor for changes in fish health, and minimize ecological interactions with indigenous aquatic life, including fish escapes. Automated sensors connected wirelessly to data stations, visualization aids, and acoustic and physical tagging technologies are emerging tools capable of detecting environmental stress and its associated behavioral changes in farmed fish. Computer modeling of the monitoring data collected from a single salmon farm or collection of farms sharing a data network can be used to spot environmental trends vital for anticipating some of the consequences of climate change. Environmental regulations governing salmon farming in coastal areas are becoming more stringent in response to public pressures to protect coastal and ocean resources and to provide for multipurpose use of marine resources. As net‐pen salmon aquaculture expands globally, new technologies will be essential to collect and interpret the anticipated larger volumes of data needed to meet these stringent regulatory requirements and to safeguard the high investment costs inherent in salmon farming. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:950–963. © SETAC

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Production cost and competitiveness in major salmon farming countries 2003–2018

Cited by 136 publications

References 45 publications

Derivation of the economic value of R0 for macroparasitic diseases and application to sea lice in salmon

Derivation of the economic value of R0 for macroparasitic diseases and application to sea lice in salmon

IIb‐RAD‐sequencing coupled with random forest classification indicates regional population structuring and sex‐specific differentiation in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

Environmental monitoring tools and strategies in salmon net‐pen aquaculture

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