Production, characteristics, and utilization of rice husk ash in alkali activated materials: An overview of fresh and hardened state properties

Recycling high volume Fe-rich fayalite slag in blended alkali-activated materials: Effect of ladle and blast furnace slags on the fresh and hardened state properties

“…7. The determination of initial and final setting time is crucial for mixing, handling, and casting of the matrix, especially when it is to be considered for building or construction applications [2]. The setting time must not be too slow or too fast, otherwise the working efficiency will be adversely affected.…”

“…Thus, there is growing demand for a greener cement and concrete with lower CO 2 emissions. One of the efficient approaches that is gradually gaining momentum is the substitution of PC with industrial waste or by-products which are often landfilled or used in low value applications but can potentially be used as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) or as precursors for alkali-activated materials (AAMs) [2,3].…”

The Design of Rice Milling and Screening Systems Uses the DC Motor PID Method

“…Management of post-harvest yields consists of many steps, one of which is the rice milling process and followed by the display of the rice milling results [2] [3]. Milling is the process of grinding rice to separate the husks from the main grain or rice [4], while Penampisan is cleaning rice from husks and other impurities that are carried along during the milling process [5].…”

Performance and applications of lightweight geopolymer and alkali activated composites with incorporation of ceramic, polymeric and lignocellulosic wastes as aggregates: A review

“…The source of aluminosilicates varies in different studies, but some materials used extensively for this purpose include class F fly ash (FA) [ [14] , [15] , [16] ], and metakaolin (MK) [ 11 , 17 , 18 ]. In some cases, raw materials such as rice husk ash (RHA) [ 19 , 20 ] and other biomass ashes [ [21] , [22] , [23] ] have been used as precursors to adjust the silica or alumina content. The most used calcium-rich raw material was ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) [ [24] , [25] , [26] ].…”

“…The greatest advantage of alkali-activated materials is probably their reduced environmental impact. Apart from the aforementioned emissions, the current cement industry places a burden on natural resource deposits and ecosystems [ 10 ], whereas alkali-activated binders offer the possibility of using waste products such as ashes [ 15 , 20 ] and slags [ [26] , [27] , [28] ], making them ideal for green buildings. Other benefits of AABs include faster strength gain, lower permeability [ 9 ], better resistance to acids and sulphates, better heat resistance and lower drying shrinkage [ 5 ].…”