Production and Scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species in Chloroplasts and Their Functions

Asada, Kozi

doi:10.1104/pp.106.082040

Cited by 2,351 publications

(1,637 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In photosynthetic organisms, the major ROS generation sites are located at the reaction centers of photosystem I and II (PSI and PSII) in chloroplast (Asada, 2006). In particular, superoxide anion (O 2 -) tends to be generated through linear photosynthetic electron transport due to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) accumulation, when CO 2 assimilation is inhibited under abiotic stresses (Takahashi and Murata, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saline stress enhanced accumulation of leaf phenolics in honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica Thunb.) without induction of oxidative stress

Zhao

Bian

et al. 2017

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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a b s t r a c tHoneysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) is a traditional medicinal plant in Chinese, and chlorogenic acid and luteolosid are its specific bioactive phenolic compounds. This study was to investigate leaf antioxidant responses in honeysuckle to saline stress with emphasis on phenolics through hydroponic experiments and field trials. NaCl stress did not stimulate antioxidant system including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate, and had no significant effect on lipid peroxidation in the leaves. Consistently, no inhibition on photochemical capacity of photosystems suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) was maintained at a normal level under NaCl stress. However, leaf phenolic synthesis was activated by NaCl stress, indicated by elevated genes transcription and activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and increased phenolics concentration. Specifically, leaf chlorogenic acid concentration was increased by 67.43% and 48.86% after 15 days of 150 and 300 mM NaCl stress, and the increase of luteolosid concentration was 54.26% and 39.74%. The accumulated phenolics hardly helped detoxify ROS in vivo in absence of oxidative stress, but the elevated phenolic synthesis might restrict ROS generation by consuming reduction equivalents. As with NaCl stress, soil salinity also increased concentrations of leaf phenolics including chlorogenic acid and luteolosid without exacerbated lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, leaf phenolics accumulation is a mechanism for the acclimation to saline stress probably by preventing oxidative stress in honeysuckle; leaf medicinal quality of honeysuckle can be improved by saline stress due to the accumulation of bioactive phenolic compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saline stress enhanced accumulation of leaf phenolics in honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica Thunb.) without induction of oxidative stress

Zhao

Bian

et al. 2017

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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“…H 2 O 2 was then converted into non-toxic water by CAT or APX (Asada 2006). The enzyme APX is implicated in oxidation of AsA to monodehydroascorbate (MDHA), which can either dismutate back to AsA, or to dehydroascorbate (DHA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enzyme APX is implicated in oxidation of AsA to monodehydroascorbate (MDHA), which can either dismutate back to AsA, or to dehydroascorbate (DHA). The DHA is then rapidly reduced to AsA (Asada 2006). GR enzyme is involved in the regeneration of AsA from MDHA via the NADPH-dependent reduction of oxidized GSSG to the reduced GSH (Noctor et al 2002;Gill and Tuteja 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…APX, in presence of AsA, is involved in H 2 O 2 scavenging and minimizes the subsequent oxidative conditions in the cell. The level of ascorbate-glutathione and the activities of antioxidant enzymes are generally increased during abiotic stress conditions and correlate with enhanced cellular protection (Asada 2006;Duan et al 2012). Tomato plants are highly susceptible to water deficit notably during the growth phase, but also at flowering and the fruit growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of water stress on antioxidant systems and oxidative parameters in fruits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L, cv. Micro-tom)

Murshed

Lopez-Lauri²,

Sallanon

2013

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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The effects of different levels of water stress on oxidative parameters (H 2 O 2 and MDA), the total pool sizes of ascorbate, the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the activities and relative transcript levels of the enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR) were studied in the fruit of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom). Plants were subjected to three levels of water stress (S50, S25 and S0) and fruits at different development stages were harvested after 3, 6 and 10 days of stress. Changes in H 2 O 2 and MDA contents indicated that water stress induced oxidative stress in fruits. The concentrations of ascorbate (AsA) and dehydroascorbate (DHA) generally modified with water stress treatments. Moreover, changes in SOD and CAT activities and DHAR, MDHAR, APX and GR activities and relative transcript levels were dependent on the fruit development stage and the intensity and the duration of water stress. These results suggest that the response of antioxidant systems of tomato fruits to oxidative stress induced by water stress treatments was different depending on the fruit development stage.

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“…Chloroplasts are the main site of ROS production due to the photooxidative nature of their components (Asada 2006). ROS produced in the chloroplasts are scavenged by an efficient antioxidant defense system including both enzymes and metabolites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed expression of SAGs correlates with longevity in CMS wheat plants compared to its fertile plants

Semwal

Singh

Khanna‐Chopra

2014

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Reproductive sinks regulate monocarpic senescence in crop plants. Monocarpic senescence was studied in wheat fertile (cv. HW 2041) and its isonuclear cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line. CMS plants exhibited slower rate of senescence accompanied by longer green leaf area duration and slower deceleration in chlorophyll, protein content, P N and rubisco content coupled with lower protease activities than fertile (F) plants. CMS plants also exhibited lower ROS levels and less membrane damage than F plants. CMS plants maintained better antioxidant defense, less oxidative damage in chloroplast and higher transcript levels of both rbcL and rbcS genes during senescence than F plants. F plants exhibited early induction and higher expression of SAGs like serine and cysteine proteases, glutamine synthetases GS1 and GS2, WRKY53 transcription factor and decline in transcript levels of CAT1 and CAT2 genes than CMS plants. Hence, using genetically fertile and its CMS line of wheat it is confirmed that delayed senescence in the absence of reproductive sinks is linked with slower protein oxidation, rubisco degradation and delayed activation of SAGs. Better antioxidant defense in chloroplasts at later stages of senescence was able to mitigate the deleterious effects of ROS in CMS plants. We propose that delayed increase in ROS in cytoplasmic male sterile wheat plants resulted in delayed activation of WRKY53, SAGs and the associated biochemical changes than fertile plants.

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Production and Scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species in Chloroplasts and Their Functions

Cited by 2,351 publications

References 55 publications

Saline stress enhanced accumulation of leaf phenolics in honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica Thunb.) without induction of oxidative stress

Saline stress enhanced accumulation of leaf phenolics in honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica Thunb.) without induction of oxidative stress

Effect of water stress on antioxidant systems and oxidative parameters in fruits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L, cv. Micro-tom)

Delayed expression of SAGs correlates with longevity in CMS wheat plants compared to its fertile plants

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