Production and performance of the InFOCμS 20–40-keV graded multilayer mirror

Berendse, Fred; Owens, Scott M.; Serlemitsos, P. J.; Tueller, J.; Chan, Kai-Wing; Soong, Yang; Krimm, H. A.; Baumgartner, W. H.; Ogasaka, Yasushi; Tamura, Kouichi; Okajima, Takashi; Tawara, Yuzuru; Yamashita, Koujun; Misaki, Kazutami; Kunieda, H.

doi:10.1364/ao.42.001856

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The effective area of 38.0 cm 2 also consistent with that measured before flight. 5 From the results, no degradation of the performance of the telescope was observed after the first flight.…”

Section: Synchrotron Radiation Facility Spring-8mentioning

confidence: 87%

Development of hard x-ray telescope for balloon-borne experiment

et al. 2004

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We have been developing the hard X-ray telescope for balloon borne experiment named InFOCµS. The first InFOCµS flight was carried out on July, 2001. In this flight, we obtained hard X-ray image of Cygnus X-1 above 20 keV. This is first observation with hard X-ray telescope using multilayers. In this mission, the platinum-carbon depth graded multilayers (supermirror) are used as X-ray reflectors combining multi nested thin foil optics to obtain enough efficiency in the hard X-ray region. They make us possible to obtain 40 cm 3 effective area at 30 keV with 40 cm diameter of the telescope.After the first flight, the hard X-ray telescope was recovered without any damages, we measured performances of the telescope in synchrotron radiation facility SPring-8. We obtained the results, the half power diameter (HPD) is 2.4 arcmin and effective area is 38 cm 2 at 30 keV. These results show that no degradation of the performances of the hard X-ray telescope was observed in this measurement. Furthermore, We begin to fabricate new hard X-ray telescope for future InFOCµS flight. The design of the multilayer supermirrors are improved to widen the energy band. The performances of this telescope including effective area and spatial resolution are measured using synchrotron radiation facility SPring-8 and ISAS 30 m X-ray beam line. The measured effective area is significantly larger than the first telescope especially above 30 keV.

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Section: Synchrotron Radiation Facility Spring-8mentioning

confidence: 87%

Development of hard x-ray telescope for balloon-borne experiment

et al. 2004

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“…This approach was used to produce the first multilayer imaging mirror for hard X-rays [24,25]. This mirror was used on the International Focusing Optics for MicroCrab Sensitivity (InFOCμS) balloon instrument, flown for the first time in 2001 (and an upgraded version flown twice subsequently), and has produced the first images of cosmic sources in the 20-40 keV band using multilayers.…”

Section: Multilayersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin Shell, Segmented X-Ray Mirrors

Petre

2010

X-Ray Optics and Instrumentation

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Thin foil mirrors were introduced as a means of achieving high throughput in an X-ray astronomical imaging system in applications for which high angular resolution was not necessary. Since their introduction, their high filling factor, modest mass, relative ease of construction, and modest cost have led to their use in numerous X-ray observatories, including the Broad Band X-ray Telescope, ASCA, and Suzaku. The introduction of key innovations, including epoxy replicated surfaces, multilayer coatings, and glass mirror substrates, has led to performance improvements and in their becoming widely used for X-ray astronomical imaging at energies above 10 keV. The use of glass substrates has also led to substantial improvement in angular resolution and thus their incorporation into the NASA concept for the International X-ray Observatory with a planned 3 m diameter aperture. This paper traces the development of foil mirrors from their inception in the 1970s through their current and anticipated future applications.

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“…Remaining 3 QTs were selected from first telescope in view of higher effective area in 20 − 40 keV band. Details of supermirror production for first telescope are reported by Berendse et al (2002) and Ogasaka et al (2003). Figure 5 shows a schematic view of production process for the replica mirror.…”

Section: Production Of Multilayer Supermirrormentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of hard x-ray telescope for the InFOCμS balloon experiment

et al. 2005

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The development of hard X-ray focusing optics for astrophysical observation is widely recognized as one of key technologies for future X-ray satellite missions. Utilizing InFOCµS balloon-borne experiment, we have developed thin-foil-nested hard X-ray telescope employing depth-graded Pt/C multilayer. Pre-flight calibration of the hard X-ray telescope for the 2004 flight was performed at X-ray beamline facilities in ISAS/JAXA and SPring-8. The effective area and image quality were estimated to be 51 cm 2 and 2.4 arcmin (half power diameter) at 30 keV, respectively. Limiting factors of its performance also investigated. And we revealed that the main factor was image degradation of an individual reflector. Based on such an investigation we are now continuously developing advanced hard X-ray telescope for future balloon experiments. From evaluation of upgraded test telescope, we get a response toward high resolution telescope in future years.

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Production and performance of the InFOCμS 20–40-keV graded multilayer mirror

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Development of hard x-ray telescope for balloon-borne experiment

Development of hard x-ray telescope for balloon-borne experiment

Thin Shell, Segmented X-Ray Mirrors

Development of hard x-ray telescope for the InFOCμS balloon experiment

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