“…I4.0 paves the way for a progressive convergence of operational technologies which are adopted in operational departments such as the shop floor, and information technologies which are typically used in managerial departments for business control purposes (Modica and Foschini, 2023). The main I4.0 technologies are the following: cyber-physical system, internet of things, cloud computing, big data analytics, artificial intelligence, advanced robots, augmented reality, simulation and additive manufacturing and blockchain (Pagliosa et al , 2021; Kunju et al , 2022; Gadekar et al , 2022; Chavez et al , 2022; Nedjwa et al , 2022). These technologies enable better connectivity with customers (Koh et al , 2019), the design of smart products and services with features such as more insight into customer requirements, real-time product and process monitoring for better performance (Koh et al , 2019), and the collection, storage and analysis of massive data in a fast and efficient way (Angreani et al , 2020).…”