Production and Heterosis Analysis of Rice Autotetraploid Hybrids

Tu, Shengbin; Luan, Li; Liu, Yuhua; Long, Wenbo; Kong, Fan-Lun; He, Tengbing; Xu, Qiang; Wang, Yan; Yu, Maoqun

doi:10.2135/cropsci2007.01.0058

Cited by 35 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Since 1995, we have been focusing on producing autotetraploid rice plants using the cytoplasmic male sterility system including new hybrid combinations with normal seed set for breeder use. To date, many autotetraploid three lines and new hybrid combinations with normal seed set and remarkable heterosis have been selected (Tu et al 2003(Tu et al , 2007. In this study, we used well-distributed SSR markers to analyze the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 36 autotetraploid three parental lines with normal seed set (Tu et al 2003(Tu et al , 2007) and 14 original diploid three parental lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, many autotetraploid three lines and new hybrid combinations with normal seed set and remarkable heterosis have been selected (Tu et al 2003(Tu et al , 2007. In this study, we used well-distributed SSR markers to analyze the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 36 autotetraploid three parental lines with normal seed set (Tu et al 2003(Tu et al , 2007) and 14 original diploid three parental lines. The genetic analysis is important to ensure the origin of autotetraploid rice, for maintaining the distinctiveness of autotetraploid varieties, and to differentiate the various genetic backgrounds of autotetraploid rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microsatellite Analysis of Genetic Variation and Population Genetic Differentiation in Autotetraploid and Diploid Rice

et al. 2008

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Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of autotetraploid and diploid populations of rice collected from Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, were studied based on 36 microsatellite loci. Among 50 varieties, a moderate to high level of genetic diversity was observed at the population level, with the number of alleles per locus (A e ) ranging from 2 to 6 (mean 3.028) and polymorphism information content ranging from 0.04 to 0.76 (mean 0.366). The expected heterozygosity (H e ) varied from 0.04 to 0.76 (mean 0.370) and Shannon's index (I) from 0.098 to 1.613 (mean 0.649). The autotetraploid populations showed slightly higher levels of A e , H e , and I than the diploid populations. Rare alleles were observed at most of the simple sequence repeat loci in one or more of the 50 accessions, and a core fingerprint database of the autotetraploid and diploid rice was constructed. The F-statistics showed genetic variability mainly among autotetraploid populations rather than diploid populations (F st = 0.066). Cluster analysis of the 50 accessions showed four major groups. Group I contained all of the autotetraploid and diploid indica maintainer lines and an autotetraploid and its original diploid indica male sterile lines. Group II contained only the original IR accessions. Group III was more diverse than either Group II or Group IV, comprising both autotetraploid and diploid indica restoring lines. Group IV included a japonica cluster of the autotetraploid and diploid rices. Furthermore, genetic differences at the single-locus and two-locus levels, as well as components due to allelic and gametic differentiation, were revealed between autotetraploid and diploid varieties. This analysis indicated that the gene pools of diploid and autotetraploid rice were somewhat dissimilar, as variation exists that distinguishes autotetraploid 123Biochem Genet (2008) 46:248-266 DOI 10.1007 from diploid rices. Using this variation, we can breed new autotetraploid varieties with some important agricultural characters that were not found in the original diploid rice varieties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Analysis of Genetic Variation and Population Genetic Differentiation in Autotetraploid and Diploid Rice

et al. 2008

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“…emphasized the limitation of quadrivalent frequencies [10]. Rice fertility in autotetraploids have been fragmentarily studied and there is no report on relationship between cytological behaviors and grain fertility, so far.Some autotetraploid rice hybrids with high seed set were bred [11]. Using these materials, this investigation aimed to reveal the relationship of hybrid fertility with chromosome behaviors during meiosis of autotetraploids.…”

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confidence: 99%

A comparative cytogenetic study of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) autotetraploid restorers and hybrids

et al. 2009

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10741 Plant polyploids are abundant in nature with both wild and cultivated species [1]. Colchicine has been successfully applied to generate tetraploidy daylily from diploid callus [2], induce tetraploidy phalaenopsis orchids with good fertility and improved traits [3], and double the chromosomes of clover ( Trifolium ssp.) [4]. Also, autotetraploid rice ( 2 n = 4 x = 48, AAAA) has been developed from the diploids ( 2 n = 2 x = 24, AA) with the colchicine-doubling [5]. The autotetraploid rice would allow more allelic combinations, which in return result in hybrid vigor or heterosis [6].However, the progress on studying the autotetraploid rice has been hindered by poor seed set [7]. Cytological mechanisms for poor fertility in autotetraploid rice have been studied [8,9], but they did not use statistics and their results are inconclusive. Also, they did not agree with each other on the interpretations and conclusions for the nature of polyploids. Furthermore, those reports were limited to univalent and/or multivalent frequencies in a cell, but failed to describe mean meiotic patterns and differentiate rod and ring configurations. Cytological behaviors in single autotetraploid plant may not be representative of the species when he 1 The article is published in the original. emphasized the limitation of quadrivalent frequencies [10]. Rice fertility in autotetraploids have been fragmentarily studied and there is no report on relationship between cytological behaviors and grain fertility, so far.Some autotetraploid rice hybrids with high seed set were bred [11]. Using these materials, this investigation aimed to reveal the relationship of hybrid fertility with chromosome behaviors during meiosis of autotetraploids. MATERIALS AND METHODSAutotetraploid cytoplasmic male sterile (MS) line T461A ( 2 n = 4 x = 24) and restorer (R) lines T4002, T4063 and T4132 ( 2 n = 4 x = 48) were produced by colchicines-doubling with their respective counterparts [11] Abstract -We studied pollen fertility, seed set and cytogenetic characteristics of restorer lines and F1 hybrids of autotetraploid rice. T4002, T4063, T461A × T4002 and T461A × T4063 showed significantly higher pollen fertility and seed set than T4132 and T461A × T4132. Meiotic chromosome behaviors were less abnormal in the tetraploids with high seed set than those with low seed set. The hybrids had fewer frequencies of bivalents, univalents, trivalents and multivalents than the restorers, but higher frequency of quatrivalents than the restorers at MI. The frequency of univalents at MI had the most impact on pollen fertility and seed set, i.e., pollen fertility decreased with the increase of univalents. The secondary impact factors were trivalents and multivalents, and bivalents and quatrivalents had no effect on pollen fertility and seed set. The correlative relationship between pollen fertility and cytogenetic behaviors could be utilized to improve seed set in autotetraploidy breeding.

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“…The generation of autooctoploid plant lines through chromosome doubling has been used to create novel germplasms in many breeding programs [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]41]. The development of autopolyploid plants has also been used to overcome the cross incompatibility barrier between different ploidy levels [42][43][44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of autopolyploid plants has also been used to overcome the cross incompatibility barrier between different ploidy levels [42][43][44]. In rice, hybridization of colchicine-induced autotetraploids of indica and japonica varieties displayed enhanced heterosis, which is a beneficial trait for crop improvement (Tu et al, 2007). A recent paper reported that hybrids derived from a cross between the tetraploid upland cv.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Autopolyploid Lowland Switchgrass Lines Through In Vitro Chromosome Doubling

et al. 2013

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Switchgrass is considered one of the most promising energy crops. However, breeding of elite switchgrass cultivars is required to meet the challenges of large scale and sustainable biomass production. As a native perennial adapted to North America, switchgrass has lowland and upland ecotypes, where most lowland ecotypes are tetraploid (2n=4x=36), and most upland ecotypes are predominantly octoploid (2n=8x=72). Hybridization between lowland and upland switchgrass plants could identify new cultivars with heterosis. However, crossing between tetraploid and octoploid switchgrass is rare in nature. Therefore, in order to break down the cross incompatibility barrier between tetraploid lowland and octoploid upland switchgrass lines, we developed autooctoploid switchgrass lines from the lowland tetraploid cv. Alamo. In this study, colchicine was used in liquid and solid mediums to chemically-induce chromosome doubling in embryogenic calli derived from cv. Alamo. Thirteen autooctoploid switchgrass lines were regenerated from seedlings and identified using flow cytometry. The autooctoploid switchgrass plants exhibit increased stomata aperture and stem size in comparison with the tetraploid cv.Alamo. The most autooctoploid plants were regenerated from switchgrass calli that were treated 2 with 0.04% colchicine in liquid medium for 13 days. One autooctoploid switchgrass line, VT8-1, was successfully crossed to the octoploid upland cv. Blackwell. The autooctoploid and the derived inter-ecotype hybrids were confirmed by chromosome in-situ hybridization and molecular marker analysis. Therefore, the results of this study show that an autooctoploid, generated by chemically-induced chromosome doubling of lowland cv. Alamo, is cross compatible with upland octoploid switchgrass cultivars. The outcome of this study may have significant applications in switchgrass hybrid breeding.

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Production and Heterosis Analysis of Rice Autotetraploid Hybrids

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Microsatellite Analysis of Genetic Variation and Population Genetic Differentiation in Autotetraploid and Diploid Rice

Microsatellite Analysis of Genetic Variation and Population Genetic Differentiation in Autotetraploid and Diploid Rice

A comparative cytogenetic study of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) autotetraploid restorers and hybrids

Production of Autopolyploid Lowland Switchgrass Lines Through In Vitro Chromosome Doubling

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