Production and Evaluation of Hybrid Soybean

Palmer, Reid G.; Gai, Jun Yi; Sun, Hong; Burton, J. W.

doi:10.1002/9780470650196.ch7

Cited by 67 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…In fact, comparative genotyping of maize recombinant inbred lines has identified excess residual heterozygosity maintained in the highly diverse pericentromeric regions (Gore et al, 2009;McMullen et al, 2009), which have been presumably maintained due to phenotypic advantages. Soybean also exhibits heterosis (Palmer et al, 2001;Burton and Brownie, 2006); thus, early selections during the breeding process may preferentially maintain lines with greater heterozygosity, as these lines would exhibit phenotypic superiority. Preferential maintenance of heterozygous loci would result in more segregating loci during the seed increase generations, ultimately leading to greater than expected rates of intracultivar heterogeneity among individuals.…”

Section: Selection and Intracultivar Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Composition and Origins of Genomic Variation among Individuals of the Soybean Reference Cultivar Williams 82

et al. 2010

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Soybean (Glycine max) is a self-pollinating species that has relatively low nucleotide polymorphism rates compared with other crop species. Despite the low rate of nucleotide polymorphisms, a wide range of heritable phenotypic variation exists. There is even evidence for heritable phenotypic variation among individuals within some cultivars. Williams 82, the soybean cultivar used to produce the reference genome sequence, was derived from backcrossing a Phytophthora root rot resistance locus from the donor parent Kingwa into the recurrent parent Williams. To explore the genetic basis of intracultivar variation, we investigated the nucleotide, structural, and gene content variation of different Williams 82 individuals. Williams 82 individuals exhibited variation in the number and size of introgressed Kingwa loci. In these regions of genomic heterogeneity, the reference Williams 82 genome sequence consists of a mosaic of Williams and Kingwa haplotypes. Genomic structural variation between Williams and Kingwa was maintained between the Williams 82 individuals within the regions of heterogeneity. Additionally, the regions of heterogeneity exhibited gene content differences between Williams 82 individuals. These findings show that genetic heterogeneity in Williams 82 primarily originated from the differential segregation of polymorphic chromosomal regions following the backcross and single-seed descent generations of the breeding process. We conclude that soybean haplotypes can possess a high rate of structural and gene content variation, and the impact of intracultivar genetic heterogeneity may be significant. This detailed characterization will be useful for interpreting soybean genomic data sets and highlights important considerations for research communities that are developing or utilizing a reference genome sequence.

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Section: Selection and Intracultivar Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Composition and Origins of Genomic Variation among Individuals of the Soybean Reference Cultivar Williams 82

et al. 2010

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“…Demonstration of heterosis for yield and other valuable traits in several legumes including pigeonpea (Saxena 2006), and alfalfa (Paul Sun, Dairyland Seed Co. personal communication, 19 November 2008) has prompted efforts to consider hybrids in other legumes, such as soybean (Palmer et al 2001). Although it should be noted that heterosis can also operate in open-pollinated populations Stelling et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For instance, the primary barrier for commercial use of hybrid soybean is the lack of an economical method of seed production because of limited pollen transfer by insects (Palmer et al 2001). Efforts to exploit heterosis in self-pollinated or partially allogamous legumes require a search for both plant and pollinator traits that contribute to out-crossing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of crop-pollinator relationships in breeding for pollinator-friendly legumes: from a breeding perspective

Palmer

Perez

Ortiz-Perez³

et al. 2009

Euphytica

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Breeders are encouraged to develop breeding approaches that strive to integrate food production into the healthy functioning of agro-ecosystems. In the case of legumes, this approach should preserve bee fauna by providing suitable floral resources within the crops themselves. In parallel, legume breeding for sustainable agriculture is linked to the development of environmental services. Foraging places and nesting sites for solitary and social bees are some of the ecological services provided for legumes. Crops with floral attractiveness and rewards for insects can be used to enhance pollinator conservation as well as crop yield and yield stability. We analyze how understanding crop-pollinator relationships (CPR) can contribute to the production of high-yielding and pollinator-friendly varieties by examining: (1) The status of knowledge on mating systems and floral traits; (2) The contribution of CPR understanding to plant breeding for both hybridseed production and open-pollinated population improvement.

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“…The increase in studies dealing with floral nectaries, nectar, and its milieu of components (Nicolson and Thornburg 2007) raises questions as to whether the Glycine gynoecial MCTs actually form secretory products; whether these products can be visualized and chemically identified; and, if so, what possible function(s) these products have in the gynoecium-nectary-flower complex. These questions are significant, particularly for soybean, a plant that is capable of attracting insects for cross pollination and hybridization but does so in a very limited way (Palmer et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicellular Secretory Trichome Development on Soybean and RelatedGlycineGynoecia

Healy

Palmer

Horner³

2009

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Multicellular glandular trichomes form on gynoecia of wild annual Glycine species, annual soybean cultivars, and wild perennial Glycine species. These trichomes occur from the ovary base to the style base and, in perennial species, along the style as well.Trichomes form at least 2 d before anthesis, and new trichomes develop throughout flowering and also on young seed pods. Trichome structure is similar in all taxa examined, usually five to seven linearly arranged cells. Stalk cells with callose walls become highly vacuolate, and their cytoplasms have reduced numbers of Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum. During secretion, two to four distal cells develop dense cytoplasms containing both prominent Golgi bodies with large vesicles and endoplasmic reticulum with enlarged lumens. Both organelles are involved in forming carbohydrate/protein secretory products. Internal secretion begins with products exuding between the plasmalemma and the primary wall of each distal cell. Secretion progresses between the primary wall and the outermost cuticle that entirely covers the trichome, which is thicker and more highly modified than a normal cuticle. This cuticle separates from cell walls in secretion regions. Products are exuded outside, occur on the inner surface of trichome and gynoecium, and are more obvious in perennial than in annual taxa. The composition and function of products are unknown. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. Multicellular glandular trichomes form on gynoecia of wild annual Glycine species, annual soybean cultivars, and wild perennial Glycine species. These trichomes occur from the ovary base to the style base and, in perennial species, along the style as well. Trichomes form at least 2 d before anthesis, and new trichomes develop throughout flowering and also on young seed pods. Trichome structure is similar in all taxa examined, usually five to seven linearly arranged cells. Stalk cells with callose walls become highly vacuolate, and their cytoplasms have reduced numbers of Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum. During secretion, two to four distal cells develop dense cytoplasms containing both prominent Golgi bodies with large vesicles and endoplasmic reticulum with enlarged lumens. Both organelles are involved in forming carbohydrate/protein secretory products. Internal secretion begins with products exuding between the plasmalemma and the primary wall of each distal cell. Secretion progresses between the primary wall and the outermost cuticle that entirely covers the trichome, which is thicker and more highly modified than a normal cuticle. This cuticle separates from cell walls in secretion regions. Products are exuded outside, occur on the inner surface of trichome and gynoecium, and are more obvious in perennial than in annual taxa. The composition and function of products are unknown.

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Production and Evaluation of Hybrid Soybean

Cited by 67 publications

References 105 publications

The Composition and Origins of Genomic Variation among Individuals of the Soybean Reference Cultivar Williams 82

The Composition and Origins of Genomic Variation among Individuals of the Soybean Reference Cultivar Williams 82

The role of crop-pollinator relationships in breeding for pollinator-friendly legumes: from a breeding perspective

Multicellular Secretory Trichome Development on Soybean and RelatedGlycineGynoecia

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