Production and Consumption of No in Forest and Pasture Soils from the Amazon Basin

Dijk, S. M. van; Meixner, Franz X.

doi:10.1007/978-94-010-9026-1_13

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is in line with results of others who found exponential relationships between soil NO fluxes and soil temperatures for agricultural (Williams et al, 1998;Roelle et al, 2001) as well as for forest soils (Van Dijk and Meixner, 2001;Schindlbacher et al, 2004). The strong temperature response of soil NO fluxes at our site may not only be due to the stimulation of nitrification as the assumed main process of NO production at our site , but may also be explained by increasing contributions of NO production by chemo-denitrification in the acidic organic layer (pH of forest floor ≤3.2) at increasing temperatures (Kesik et al, 2006).…”

Section: No and N 2 Osupporting

confidence: 92%

Decadal variability of soil CO2, NO, N2O, and CH4 fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Luo

Brüggemann²,

Wolf

et al. 2012

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Besides agricultural soils, temperate forest soils have been identified as significant sources of or sinks for important atmospheric trace gases (N 2 O, NO, CH 4 , and CO 2 ). Although the number of studies for this ecosystem type increased more than tenfold during the last decade, studies covering an entire year and spanning more than 1-2 years remained scarce. This study reports the results of continuous measurements of soil-atmosphere C-and N-gas exchange with high temporal resolution carried out since 1994 at the Höglwald Forest spruce site, an experimental field station in Southern Germany. Annual soil N 2 O, NO and CO 2 emissions and CH 4 uptake (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) varied in a range of 0.2-3.0 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 , 6.4-11.4 kg NO-N ha −1 yr −1 , 7.0-9.2 t CO 2 -C ha −1 yr −1 , and 0.9-3.5 kg CH 4 -C ha −1 yr −1 , respectively. The observed high fluxes of N-trace gases are most likely a consequence of high rates of atmospheric nitrogen deposition (>20 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ) of NH 3 and NO x to our site. For N 2 O, cumulative annual emissions were ≥0.8 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 in years with freeze-thaw events (5 out 14 of years). This shows that long-term, multi-year measurements are needed to obtain reliable estimates of N 2 O fluxes for a given ecosystem. Cumulative values of soil respiratory CO 2 fluxes tended to be highest in years with prolonged freezing periods, i.e. years with below average annual mean soil temperatures and high N 2 O emissions (e.g. the years 1996 and 2006).Furthermore, based on our unique database on trace gas fluxes we analyzed if soil temperature, soil moisture measurements can be used to approximate trace gas fluxes at daily, weekly, monthly, or annual scale. Our analysis shows that simple-to-measure environmental drivers such as soil temperature or soil moisture are suitable to approximate fluxes of NO and CO 2 at weekly and monthly resolution reasonably well (accounting for up to 59 % of the variance). However, for CH 4 we so far failed to find meaningful correlations, and also for N 2 O the predictive power is rather low. This is most likely due to the complexity of involved processes and counteracting effects of soil moisture and temperature, specifically with regard to N 2 O production and consumption by denitrification and microbial community dynamics. At monthly scale, including information on gross primary production (CO 2 , NO), and N deposition (N 2 O), increased significantly the explanatory power of the obtained empirical regressions (CO 2 : r 2 = 0.8; NO: r 2 = 0.67; N 2 O, all data: r 2 = 0.5; N 2 O, with exclusion of freeze-thaw periods: r 2 = 0.65).

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Section: No and N 2 Osupporting

confidence: 92%

Decadal variability of soil CO2, NO, N2O, and CH4 fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Luo

Brüggemann²,

Wolf

et al. 2012

Biogeosciences

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“…This phenomenon can be plausibly interpreted by that diffusion of NO through pore spaces to the atmosphere is limited under high soil moisture (26), while substrate diffusion through water films to microbial active cells is limited under low soil moisture (27). For all soils, we observed that the relationship of NO production and soil temperature at a given soil moisture (results not shown) was similar to previous results (16,28). The peak of NO production in the bottom soil (CBF) was about 77-fold of that in top soils (VA) (Figure 2A).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Biogenic Nitric Oxide Emission of Mountain Soils Sampled from Different Vertical Landscape Zones in the Changbai Mountains, Northeastern China

Meixner

Sun

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Nitric oxide (NO) is an important component in nitrogen biogeochemical cycling produced through biological processes of nitrification and denitrification in soils, but the production and the consumption processes of NO in temperate mountain soil are less understood. Through laboratory experiments focusing on NO biogenic emissions from six kinds of mountain soils sampled from different vertical landscape zones, that is, coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest (CBF), fir forest (FF), spruce forest (SF), Erman’s birch forest (EBF), alpine tundra (AT), and volcanic ash (VA), in the Changbai Mountains, northeastern China, we found that the optimum water-filled pore space (WFPS) for NO production varies between 22.5% and 35% for a range of mountain soils. The optimum soil moisture for the maximum NO emission for a certain soil type, however, was constant and independent of soil temperature. The NO emission potential for forest soils was about 7−50-fold higher than tundra soil and volcanic ash, indicating that it is strongly influenced by nutrient contents in soils. On the basis of laboratory results and field monitoring data, the average NO fluxes from these mountain soils were estimated to be 0.14−29.56 ng N m−2 s−1 for an entire plant growth period. NO emissions mainly occur in wet season for CBF and FF, but in dry season for other soil types.

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“…9), soil moisture and mineral N content are not forced; soil surface and bottom temperatures are set successively to both a low (33 and 32 • C respectively) and a high ( Temperature effect on NO emissions has been studied in other circumstances, and is still under debate still no clear conclusion could be reached. Contrasting results have been found in tropical and temperate regions: most studies have shown that NO emissions increase with increasing temperature as reported for example in Martin et al (1995), Meixner and Yang (2006) and Van Dijk and Meixner (2001); other studies do not find any clear tendency (Cardenas et al, 1994;Sullivan, 1996), while Butterbach-Bahl et al (2004b) find a linear relationship during only certain periods of the year in a tropical rain forest. Temperature effect in our study is moderate in the dry season, and almost not visible in the wet season.…”

Section: Sensitivity Testsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Modelling the effect of soil moisture and organic matter degradation on biogenic NO emissions from soils in Sahel rangeland (Mali)

et al. 2015

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Abstract. This work is an attempt to provide seasonal variation of biogenic NO emission fluxes in a Sahelian rangeland in Mali (Agoufou, 15.34 • N, 1.48 • W) for years 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008. Indeed, NO is one of the most important precursors for tropospheric ozone, and previous studies have shown that arid areas potentially display significant NO emissions (due to both biotic and abiotic processes). Previous campaigns in the Sahel suggest that the contribution of this region in emitting NO is no longer considered as negligible. However, very few data are available in this region, therefore this study focuses on model development. The link between NO production in the soil and NO release to the atmosphere is investigated in this modelling study, by taking into account vegetation litter production and degradation, microbial processes in the soil, emission fluxes, and environmental variables influencing these processes, using a coupled vegetation-litter decompositionemission model. This model includes the Sahelian Transpiration Evaporation and Productivity (STEP) model for the simulation of herbaceous, tree leaf and faecal masses, the GENDEC model (GENeral DEComposition) for the simulation of the buried litter decomposition and microbial dynamics, and the NO emission model (NOFlux) for the simulation of the NO release to the atmosphere. Physical parameters (soil moisture and temperature, wind speed, sand percentage) which affect substrate diffusion and oxygen supply in the soil and influence the microbial activity, and biogeochemical parameters (pH and fertilization rate related to N content) are necessary to simulate the NO flux. The reliability of the simulated parameters is checked, in order to assess the robustness of the simulated NO flux. Simulated yearly average of NO flux ranges from 2.09 to 3.04 ng(N) m −2 s −1 (0.66 to 0.96 kg(N) ha −1 yr −1 ), and wet season average ranges from 3.36 to 5.48 ng(N) m −2 s −1 (1.06 to 1.73 kg(N) ha −1 yr −1 ). These results are of the same order as previous measurements made in several sites where the vegetation and the soil are comparable to the ones in Agoufou. This coupled vegetationlitter decomposition-emission model could be generalized at the scale of the Sahel region, and provide information where few data are available.

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Production and Consumption of No in Forest and Pasture Soils from the Amazon Basin

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Biogenic Nitric Oxide Emission of Mountain Soils Sampled from Different Vertical Landscape Zones in the Changbai Mountains, Northeastern China

Modelling the effect of soil moisture and organic matter degradation on biogenic NO emissions from soils in Sahel rangeland (Mali)

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Production and Consumption of No in Forest and Pasture Soils from the Amazon Basin

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Decadal variability of soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, NO, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Decadal variability of soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, NO, N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Biogenic Nitric Oxide Emission of Mountain Soils Sampled from Different Vertical Landscape Zones in the Changbai Mountains, Northeastern China

Modelling the effect of soil moisture and organic matter degradation on biogenic NO emissions from soils in Sahel rangeland (Mali)

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Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany

Decadal variability of soil CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes at the Höglwald Forest, Germany