Production and characterization of TeI x (x: 2, 4) thin films: Optical, structural properties and effect of porosity

Kariper, İ. Afşin

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.122

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…This technique does not require complex infrastructure, ergo it is low cost and easy to implement, and has been proven successful for the synthesis of numerous metal iodide thin films. [27][28][29][30] However, achieving good-quality films is complicated, because it requires fine tuning of the chemical formulation (reaction solution), as shown by the work of Kariper [3] where the structure and optical properties of the PbI 2 thin films are significantly influenced by the pH of the reaction solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Solis-Mosquera,

Cabrera-German,

Santacruz-Ortega

et al. 2023

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Lead iodide (PbI 2 ) thin films are interesting semiconductor materials arranged in quasi 2D layers, [1] that have an optical bandgap near the ultraviolet (E g = 2.4 eV) spectrum and are composed of atoms with a high atomic mass. [2,3] These characteristics of PbI 2 allow its use in diverse applications, [4][5][6][7][8] with a recent interest in large-area visible, X-ray, and γ-ray radiation detectors. [2,9] Additionally, PbI 2 thin films are excellent precursors in the chemical synthesis of lead halide perovskite CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPI) thin films, [10][11][12] which are photovoltaic materials of great importance. However, whether PbI 2 can be used as a high-performance optoelectronic material or efficient chemical precursor, strongly depends on achieving favorable structural properties. [3,[12][13][14] Moreover, the understanding of how the different deposition conditions affect the multiple stacking conformations that the compact PbI 2 layers take [15] is challenging. Different structural configurations known as polytypes [16] can be achieved but are difficult to reproduce, [3] and can lead to diverse microstructures, [17][18][19] that in turn produce varying optical and electrical properties.Different polytypes can be obtained according to the annealing conditions [20] and the implemented synthesis methodology. [21] Diverse previous studies have reported the synthesis of PbI 2 employing thermal evaporation, physical vapor deposition, laser ablation, atomic layer deposition, spray pyrolysis, and spin-coating with favorable crystalline properties. [12][13][14]22,23] The literature shows that the most common polytype is the 2H, albeit the 4H and 12R polytypes have been reported [24,25] at annealing treatments of 150 and 170 °C, respectively. Achieving the 4H and 12R polytypes may improve the optoelectronic properties in large-area radiation sensors, as well as favoring the quality and stability of perovskite thin films. Thus, the use of PbI 2 thin films in such purposes requires the examination of the structural properties at specified synthesis parameters.Therefore, in this work, we explore the synthesis of PbI 2 thin films via chemical bath deposition (CBD), a technique that has not been extensively studied for the deposition of PbI 2 thin films, only few reports exist in the literature. [3,26] CBD, when done correctly, enables the deposition of uniform, homogeneous, and large-area thin films that are strongly adhered to almost any kind of substrate. This technique does not require complex infrastructure, ergo it is low cost and easy to implement, and has been proven successful for the synthesis of numerous metal iodide thin films. [27][28][29][30] However, achieving good-quality films is complicated, because it requires fine tuning of the chemical formulation (reaction solution), as shown by the work of Kariper [3] where the structure and optical properties of the PbI 2 thin films are significantly influenced by the pH of the reaction solution.

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confidence: 99%

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Solis-Mosquera,

Cabrera-German,

Santacruz-Ortega

et al. 2023

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…The optic band gap energy (Eg) was calculated from the absorption spectra of the films using the following relation 16,17 :…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmittance (T) of MnSeO 4 thin film can be calculated using reflectivity (R) and absorbance (A) by the following expression 16,17 :…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical and Structural Properties of Natural MnSeO4 Mineral Thin Film

Kariper

2017

Mat. Res.

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Manganese selenite (MnSeO 4 ) crystalline thin film has been produced with chemical bath deposition on substrates (commercial glass). Properties of the thin film, such as transmittance, absorption, and optical band gap and refraction index have been investigated via UV/VIS Spectrum. The structural properties of orthorhombic form have been observed in XRD. The structural and optical properties of MnSeO 4 thin films, deposited at different pH levels were analyzed. Some properties of the films have been changed with the change of pH level, which has been deeply investigated. The grain size of MnSeO 4 thin film has reached its highest value at pH 9. The refraction index and extinction coefficient of MnSeO 4 thin films were measured to be 1.53, 2.86, 2.07, 1.53 (refraction index) and 0.005, 0.029, 0.014, 0.005 (extinction coefficient) for grain sizes 21, 13, 26, and 5 nm respectively. The band gaps (Eg) of the films were measured to be 2.06, 2.57, 2.04, and 2.76 eV for the grain sizes mentioned above. The value of dielectric constant at pH 10 was calculated as 1.575.

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Size- and temperature-control optical direct/indirect band tuning in layered compounds: band gap engineering

Miah

2021

Opt Quant Electron

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The X-ray diffraction (XRD) is studied in thermally evaporated cadmium iodide (CdI2) thin films with various thicknesses. The grain size, calculated from the XRD, is found to increase with increasing the thickness of the film, while the reflectivity and refractive index decease with increasing the wavelength of the exciting light. The optical absorption spectra show both allowed direct and indirect interband transitions across a fundamental gap in CdI2. It is found that both indirect and direct band gap (Eg) decrease with increasing the thickness of the film and that the indirect Eg is lower than the direct Eg by an amount of about 0.7 eV. The direct Eg is also decreased with increasing both the grain size and temperature. However, the temperature dependence of Eg follows the Varshni relation. Our results highlight the possibility of engineering or tuning the Eg of CdI2 by controlling the thickness of the film, grain size as well as temperature.

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Production and characterization of TeI x (x: 2, 4) thin films: Optical, structural properties and effect of porosity

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Optical and Structural Properties of Natural MnSeO4 Mineral Thin Film

Size- and temperature-control optical direct/indirect band tuning in layered compounds: band gap engineering

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Production and characterization of TeI x (x: 2, 4) thin films: Optical, structural properties and effect of porosity

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI2 Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI2 Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Optical and Structural Properties of Natural MnSeO4 Mineral Thin Film

Size- and temperature-control optical direct/indirect band tuning in layered compounds: band gap engineering

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Product

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Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing

Structural, Optical, and Chemical Characteristics of High‐Quality PbI₂ Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition with Thermal Annealing