Production and characterization of boron nanoparticles synthesized with a thermal plasma system

Shin, Weon Gyu; Calder, Steven; Ugurlu, Ozan; Girshick, Steven L.

doi:10.1007/s11051-011-0633-3

Cited by 53 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The FTIR and Raman spectra of ReB 2 stored 2 months under oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions are shown in Figures and , respectively. The IR spectrum of the material shows several adsorptions peaks at 547/cm ‐1 , (B‐O), 793/cm ‐1 , (B‐O), 1193/cm ‐1 , (B‐O), 1431/cm ‐1 , (B‐OH), 3312/cm ‐1 , (B‐OH), and 3406/cm ‐1 , (B‐OH) which indicate the oxidation and the degradation of the surface of ReB 2 particles due to the reaction with O 2 and moisture . Also, one absorption peak at 2260/cm ‐1 , (B‐H) which indicates the reductive properties of ReB 2 particles .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The IR spectrum of the material shows several adsorptions peaks at 547/cm ‐1 , (B‐O), 793/cm ‐1 , (B‐O), 1193/cm ‐1 , (B‐O), 1431/cm ‐1 , (B‐OH), 3312/cm ‐1 , (B‐OH), and 3406/cm ‐1 , (B‐OH) which indicate the oxidation and the degradation of the surface of ReB 2 particles due to the reaction with O 2 and moisture . Also, one absorption peak at 2260/cm ‐1 , (B‐H) which indicates the reductive properties of ReB 2 particles . The absorption peak at 913/cm ‐1 , (Re‐O) confirms the oxidative properties of this material .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…17 Finally, the last 2 endothermic peak can be assigned to vaporization of HBO 2 and B 2 O 3 at 1150 and 1450°C, respectively. 19,20 The FTIR and Raman spectra of ReB 2 stored 2 months under oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions are shown in Figures 7 and 8 [21][22][23] Also, one absorption peak at 2260/cm -1 , (B-H) which indicates the reductive properties of ReB 2 particles. [22][23][24] The absorption peak at 913/cm -1 , (Re-O) confirms the oxidative properties of this material.…”

Section: Stability Of Reb 2 Under Oxygen and Moisture Ambient Envirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 The FTIR and Raman spectra of ReB 2 stored 2 months under oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions are shown in Figures 7 and 8 [21][22][23] Also, one absorption peak at 2260/cm -1 , (B-H) which indicates the reductive properties of ReB 2 particles. [22][23][24] The absorption peak at 913/cm -1 , (Re-O) confirms the oxidative properties of this material. 25,26 A weak absorption peak at 642/cm -1 , (B-B) can be associated with As shown in Figure 5, XRD analysis indicates that ReB 2 is unstable at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions, which was corroborated by TGA-DSC, FTIR, and Raman analysis.…”

Section: Stability Of Reb 2 Under Oxygen and Moisture Ambient Envirmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical stability of superhard rhenium diboride at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions prepared by mechanical milling

et al. 2018

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In this study, rhenium diboride (ReB2) was obtained by mechanosynthesis at 640 minutes of milling. The obtained ReB2 was stored at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions to know the chemical stability. The results indicate that ReB2 is totally decomposed at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions. Furthermore, the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of ReB2 samples after 26 months of storage shows that the final products of degradation are HReO4 (liquid), H3BO3, HBO2, and ReO3. Finally, a schematic diagram of the degradation sequence of ReB2 at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions is proposed and validated with a thermodynamic analysis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Stability Of Reb 2 Under Oxygen and Moisture Ambient Envirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stability Of Reb 2 Under Oxygen and Moisture Ambient Envirmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical stability of superhard rhenium diboride at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions prepared by mechanical milling

et al. 2018

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“…However, they found the former was the dominant one. Shin et al . also synthesized high‐purity boron nanoparticles in the range of 30–70 nm in the rapid nozzle expansion of the thermal plasma.…”

Section: The Reduction Of Boron Halides By Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the methods of preparation of elemental boron

Zhou

Bai

2015

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The review presents four main techniques of preparation of elemental boron: molten salt electrolysis, metallic reduction, hydrogen reduction, and decomposition of boron compounds. For electrolysis, the molten salt systems, boron precursors, and mechanisms are summarized. Four kinds of hydrogen reduction of boron compounds are briefly introduced. In chemical vapor deposition process, the purity, conversion rate, morphology, and deposition rate of the produced boron are major concerns. Like hydrogen reduction, decomposition of boron compounds can be used to produce the high-purity and ultra-fine boron, but high-cost and severe reaction conditions limit its applications in large scale. Metal reduction method is improved through new preparation and purification process. All in all, boron powders with high-purity, small size, and narrow size distribution are preferred in the high-tech fields. Additionally, the robust boron nanostructures and more effective and greener synthetic strategies are also anticipated. Figure 3. The flowchart of reduction of boron halides by hydrogen (X refers to F, Cl, Br, or I).Figure 4. The flowchart of reduction of boron compounds with metals. Figure 6. Sketch of the novel procedure to produce nano-sized and amorphous boron.

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Boron Nanoparticles for Room‐Temperature Hydrogen Generation from Water

Rohani

Kim

Swihart

2016

Advanced Energy Materials

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solid energetic materials, including aluminum (31 kJ g −1 ). [8][9][10] In medicine, boron neutron capture therapy, a noninvasive cancer treatment using boron-10, is another important application. [ 11 ] Furthermore, boron has the highest gravimetric hydrogen generation potential among inorganic solids that can be used for chemical splitting of water, up to 277 g H 2 per kg B. For comparison, silicon, aluminum, and sodium hydride have gravimetric hydrogen generation potentials of 142, 111, and 98 g H 2 kg −1 , respectively. Thus, boron is very interesting for on demand generation of hydrogen by reaction with water.Hydrogen is an emission-free fuel with high gravimetric energy content (120 kJ g −1 ) that can be used effi ciently in well-developed proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Hydrogen generation and storage has attracted considerable attention in the past few years because of practical limitations of conventional gas storage methods, such as high-pressure tanks, for hydrogen. On-demand generation of hydrogen from water is one means of providing hydrogen for fuel cells and other uses. The direct thermolysis of water into hydrogen and oxygen requires temperatures above 2500 K and is therefore impractical in most applications. [ 12 ] Chemical water splitting, by reacting water with a metal to produce a metal oxide and release hydrogen, is an attractive means of splitting water at much lower temperature. However, the reaction rate of metal hydrolysis usually decreases with time because of oxide formation at the surface of the metal particles. Thermodynamically, boron has great potential for on-demand hydrogen generation by reaction with water. However, boron is generally nonreactive with water; it requires either a catalyst or very high temperature to react. Several studies of water splitting by reaction with boron, using steam at elevated temperatures, were published in the past few years. Kinetics of heterogeneous, noncatalytic hydrolysis of boron (micron sized, with average diameter near 44 µm) were investigated over a range of temperatures and steam concentrations, demonstrating increased reaction rate with increasing temperature (from 500 to 800 °C). [ 13 ] Although they did not explicitly report the total hydrogen produced in each experiment, this quantity can be estimated from their plots of hydrogen fl ow rate versus time. For example, 100 mg boron and 0.5 mL min −1 water fl ow generated ≈90 mL hydrogen gas in 12 min at 700 °C. In another study, amorphous boron hydrolysis at somewhat lower temperatures (below Boron nanoparticles (BNPs) are of great interest for applications such as neutron capture therapy of cancer cells, hydrogen generation from water, and high energy density fuels. Boron is particularly interesting for chemical water splitting, because of its high gravimetric hydrogen generation potential of 277 g H 2 per kg B. However, only a few studies of water splitting by reaction with boron are available, and those have used high temperature steam with external heating. Room-temperature bo...

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Production and characterization of boron nanoparticles synthesized with a thermal plasma system

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Chemical stability of superhard rhenium diboride at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions prepared by mechanical milling

Chemical stability of superhard rhenium diboride at oxygen and moisture ambient environmental conditions prepared by mechanical milling

A review on the methods of preparation of elemental boron

Boron Nanoparticles for Room‐Temperature Hydrogen Generation from Water

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