Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Oil-palm Shell for Carboxylic Acid Adsorption

Ruíz, Héctor A.; Zambtrano, Monica; Giraldo, Liliana; Sierra, R.; Moreno-Piraján, Juan Carlos

doi:10.13005/ojc/310217

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The pore size distribution and specific surface area were determined via nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms. Figure illustrates that all the as-synthesized photocatalysts can be identified as a Type V isotherm with the H4-type hysteresis loop according to the IUPAC–BET classification . This signifies the presence of the mesoporous structure in the photocatalysts …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Polyaniline-Coated TiO₂Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water

2020

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Polyaniline (PANI)-wrapped TiO2 nanorods (PANI/TiO2), obtained through the oxidative polymerization of aniline at the surface of hydrothermally presynthesized TiO2 nanorods, were evaluated as photocatalysts for the degradation of Bisphenol A (BPA). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed the successful incorporation of PANI into TiO2 by the appearance of peaks at 1577 and 1502 cm–1 that are due to the CC and C–N stretch of the benzenoid or quinoid ring in PANI. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis revealed that PANI/TiO2 had almost double the surface area of TiO2 (44.8999 m2/g vs 28.2179 m2/g). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that TiO2 nanorods with different diameters were synthesized. The TEM analysis showed that a thin layer of PANI wrapped the TiO2 nanorods. X-ray photon spectroscopy survey scan of the PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite revealed the presence of C, O, Ti, and N. Photocatalytic activity evaluation under UV radiation through the effect of key parameters, including pH, contact time, dosage, and initial concentration of BPA, was carried out in batch studies. Within 80 min, 99.7% of 5 ppm BPA was attained using the 0.2 g/L PANI/TiO2 photocatalyst at pH 10. The quantum yield (QY) of these photocatalysts was evaluated to be 9.86 × 10–5 molecules/photon and 2.82 × 10–5 molecules/photon for PANI/TiO2 and TiO2, respectively. PANI/TiO2 showed better performance than as-synthesized TiO2 with a rate constant of 4.46 × 10–2 min–1 compared to 2.18 × 10–2 min–1. The rate of degradation of PANI/TiO2 was also superior to that of TiO2 (150 mmol/g/h vs 74.89 mmol/g/h). Nitrate ions increased the rate of degradation of BPA, while humic acid consistently inhibited the degradation of BPA. LC–MS analysis identified degradation products with m/z 213.1, 135.1, and 93.1. The PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite was reused up to five cycles with a removal of at least 80% in the fifth cycle. LC–MS results revealed three possible BPA degradation intermediates. LC–MS analysis identified degradation products which included protonated BPA, [C14H13O2 +], and [C9H11O+]. The PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite demonstrated superior photocatalytic activity with respect to improved QY and figure of merit and lower energy consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Polyaniline-Coated TiO₂Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water

2020

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“…It is supported by Ozgul and Turkay [6], the reduction percentage of free fatty acid content is higher than the reduction percentage of methyl ester in the same treatment, the process of adsorption by rice husk ash as an adsorbent. However, carboxylic acid compound adsorption affinity is higher than the affinity adsorption properties of ester compounds [8].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Preliminary Studies of Activated Carbon Properties on Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum) as Adsorbent to the Purification Process of Used Cooking Oil

Kembaren¹,

Zubir²,

Jasmidi³

et al. 2018

Asian J. Chem.

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We characterized the activated carbon made from bagasse and then use it as an adsorbent in refining used cooking oil. The bagasse was made into carbon, then activated by treatment of temperature and immersion in 1 M H3PO4. The lowest values of the activated carbon test on the water content analysis is 3.14 % and ash content is 13.61 while volatile content is 6.76 % at 450 °C activated carbon temperature. The oil purification process is carried out with temperature variations of activated carbon and activated carbon mass as 6, 8 and 1 g and then the quality of oil is analyzed on the basis of SNI 01-2901-2006 standard which includes free fatty acid and peroxide number. The lowest value of the lowest free fatty acid content is 0.3660 % and peroxide number is 6.9939 meq/kg, produced at a 400 °C activated carbon temperature having the highest degree of crystallinity of 35.77 % with 10 g of adsorbent weight.

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“… 84 Furthermore, it has been found in different studies that this activating agent is suitable when it is impregnated with a carbonaceous material, which had a heat treatment between 200 and 500 °C, proving to be effective in the adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds and contaminating acids in water. 85 − 87 …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Drugs in Polluted Waters with Char Obtained by Pyrolysis of Hair Waste from the Tannery Process

et al. 2020

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The presence and final destination of pharmaceutical compounds in waters constitute one of the emerging events in current environmental chemistry. Two widely consumed compounds have been evaluated in this study, amoxicillin (AMOX) and diclofenac (DFC), at a concentration of 200 mg L –1 . The presence of both in wastewater has been verified, generating problems in ecosystems and human health. Pyrolysis of hair waste from a tannery process was performed in a fixed-bed reactor. Char was obtained at different operating temperatures (300, 350, 400, and 450 °C), which underwent a characterization of heavy metals and elemental composition. An activation process was applied to the char obtained at 450 °C by means of physicochemical processes and with two chemical agents (KOH and K 2 CO 3 ). For the removal of drugs, two separate tests were performed, one for 28 days and the other one for 4 h, to assess the efficiency and the percentage of removal. It was found that the char obtained at 450 °C is the one that removes most of both compounds: more than 90% of AMOX and more than 80% of DFC.

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Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Oil-palm Shell for Carboxylic Acid Adsorption

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Polyaniline-Coated TiO₂Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water

Polyaniline-Coated TiO₂Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water

Preliminary Studies of Activated Carbon Properties on Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum) as Adsorbent to the Purification Process of Used Cooking Oil

Removal of Drugs in Polluted Waters with Char Obtained by Pyrolysis of Hair Waste from the Tannery Process

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Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Oil-palm Shell for Carboxylic Acid Adsorption

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Polyaniline-Coated TiO2Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water

Polyaniline-Coated TiO2Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water

Preliminary Studies of Activated Carbon Properties on Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum) as Adsorbent to the Purification Process of Used Cooking Oil

Removal of Drugs in Polluted Waters with Char Obtained by Pyrolysis of Hair Waste from the Tannery Process

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Product

Resources

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Polyaniline-Coated TiO₂Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water

Polyaniline-Coated TiO₂Nanorods for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A in Water