Production and Characterisation of Microfine Sized Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) Originated from Bau, Lundu Palm Oil Mill

Ahmadi, Raudhah; Saiful, Mohamad; Zawawi, D.F.; Rahman, S.Z.A.; Ismail, Issham; Mannan, A.B.; Abidin, Ana Sakura Zainal

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20178701011

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Despite the wide variations of the eco-friendly materials proposed for soil improvement, the research of machine learning applications in this area was very limited. Green, byproduct, and recycled materials such as fly ash [122,[150][151][152][153], palm oil fly ash [66,[154][155][156][157][158][159], rice husk [17,137,160,161], coal fly ash [162], coir fibers [141], calcined shale [128,[163][164][165], aluminum sludge [7,36], aluminum dross [166], bamboo fibers [19,31,72], rubber [75], etc., and their combination were open for unlimited mixtures for reinforcing and improving soils and reduction in the climate change impact. Using these materials opens the need for efficient and timesaving mathematical tools to control and predict their effect on soils after improvement, especially with current humanity improvement challenges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Techniques and Applications in Soil Improvement Using Green Materials

et al. 2023

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According to an extensive evaluation of published studies, there is a shortage of research on systematic literature reviews related to machine learning prediction techniques and methodologies in soil improvement using green materials. A literature review suggests that machine learning algorithms are effective at predicting various soil characteristics, including compressive strength, deformations, bearing capacity, California bearing ratio, compaction performance, stress–strain behavior, geotextile pullout strength behavior, and soil classification. The current study aims to comprehensively evaluate recent breakthroughs in machine learning algorithms for soil improvement using a systematic procedure known as PRISMA and meta-analysis. Relevant databases, including Web of Science, ScienceDirect, IEEE, and SCOPUS, were utilized, and the chosen papers were categorized based on: the approach and method employed, year of publication, authors, journals and conferences, research goals, findings and results, and solution and modeling. The review results will advance the understanding of civil and geotechnical designers and practitioners in integrating data for most geotechnical engineering problems. Additionally, the approaches covered in this research will assist geotechnical practitioners in understanding the strengths and weaknesses of artificial intelligence algorithms compared to other traditional mathematical modeling techniques.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Techniques and Applications in Soil Improvement Using Green Materials

et al. 2023

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“…The raw POFA used in this research is collected from a local palm oil mill (Bau, Lundu Palm Oil Mill, Sarawak, Malaysia) and is treated before grinded to produce particle sizes ranging from 1-10 μm [5,6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results agreed with the findings by [2,3,10] where the highest compressive strengths of concrete made with POFA as replacement at the age of 28 days can be achieved with the replacement percentage of 10-20%. This is due to the results of the Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) which recorded the highest Calcium/Silica ratio (as much as 4.22) in 20% ultrafine POFA replacement [6]. With sufficient amount of calcium and moisture, pozzolanic reaction will take place resulting in formation of C-S-H gel [7].…”

Section: Nordtest Methods (Nt Build 492)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Microfine Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) as Cement Partial Replacement Material for Mitigation of Chloride Attack

Ahmadi¹,

Syukry²,

Fahmi³

et al. 2018

IJET

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This paper investigates the effect of microfine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as cement replacement material for mitigation of chloride attack in concrete. The raw POFA obtained from a local palm oil mill is initially grinded using Los Angeles abrasion machine, and then sieved using 150 μm sieve before it is burned in a furnace at 500°C. The burned POFA is then grinded using electric powder grinder to obtain the targeted microfine size ranging between 1-10 μm. Treated microfine POFA is used in the production of concrete samples for experimental tests; compressive strength test, sorptivity test and chloride penetration test to determine its physical properties and the chloride resistance parameter for the mitigation of chloride attack in concrete. Results showed that 20% of microfine POFA replacement in concrete gives the highest compressive strength at 56th day and reduces the rate of absorption of water and chloride penetration.

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“…This is agricultural waste abundantly found in Malaysia, and it contains a higher content of siliceous material. It is obtained on the combustion of oil palm fiber, mesocarp, and empty fruit brunch as boiler fuel to produce steam for palm oil mill, and the end product remaining after combustion is POFA [63]. This can be later used as reinforcing material [64].…”

Section: Palm Oil Fuel Ash (Pofa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of agro-based reinforcements on the properties of aluminum matrix composites: a systematic review

2021

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Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) have been extensively studied primarily due to higher strength-to-weight ratio, lower cost, and higher wear resistance properties. However, increasing demand for economical and energy-efficient materials in the automotive, aerospace and other applications is tailoring research area in the agro-based composite materials. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review work is to study the influence of agro-based reinforcements on the tribological and mechanical properties of AMC's processed by various techniques. It was observed that the processing conditions can be designed to obtain uniform structures and better properties AMCs. The agro-waste reinforcement materials, such as rice husk ash, bamboo stem ash, coconut and shell ash can result in a reduction in the density of AMC's without compromising mechanical properties. Moreover, the efficient utilization of the agro-waste leads to a decrease in manufacturing cost and prevents environmental pollution, hence, can be considered as a sustainable material. The state-of-the-art revealed that the agro-based reinforcements do not form brittle composites, as in the case of ceramic reinforced composites. Hence, the study concludes that the agrobased AMCs have great potential to act as a replacement for costly and environmentally hazardous ceramic reinforced-AMCs which can especially be used in various automotive applications that demand higher strength-to-weight ratio, lower cost, and higher wear resistance.

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Production and Characterisation of Microfine Sized Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) Originated from Bau, Lundu Palm Oil Mill

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Techniques and Applications in Soil Improvement Using Green Materials

A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Techniques and Applications in Soil Improvement Using Green Materials

Evaluation of Microfine Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) as Cement Partial Replacement Material for Mitigation of Chloride Attack

Influence of agro-based reinforcements on the properties of aluminum matrix composites: a systematic review

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