Producing High‐Strength Metals by I‐ECAP

Gzyl, Michal Zbigniew; Rosochowski, Andrzej; Boczkal, Sonia; Olejnik, Lech; Katimon, Mohd Nizam

doi:10.1002/adem.201500363

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…The die block and the slider are mounted on a frame (4) and a base plate (9). At the beginning of the extrusion cycle, a hydraulic cylinder (7) moves the slider toward the right direction in the figure until the slider protrusion (10) overlaps with the horizontal channel and makes contact with the billet. During the working extrusion stroke, the punch (6) forces the billet from the vertical channel into the horizontal channel until the punch reaches the upper edge of the horizontal channel.…”

Section: Semi-continuous Ecaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selected industrial alloys, i.e., aluminum alloy AA5083 and magnesium alloy AZ31, are often used in research works and were described in many publications on SPD processing (see, for example, References [8][9][10] for AA5083 and References [11][12][13] for AZ31). For AA5083, the primary grain refinement mechanism is the strain induced formation of new high/low angle boundaries.…”

Section: Materials Selection Processing and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Semi-Continuous Equal-Channel Angular Extrusion and Rolling of AA5083 and AZ31 Alloys

Segal

Reznikov

Murching

et al. 2019

Metals

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This paper describes a new modification of equal-channel angular extrusion for the “pass-by-pass” semi-continuous (sc-ECAE) processing of lightweight alloys. Sc-ECAE leads to a multifold increase in productivity and decrease in costs, providing a technical basis for the commercialization of severe plastic deformation (SPD) on a large scale with massive volume production. The evolution of the structure and properties are analyzed for an aluminum alloy (AA) 5083 and a magnesium alloy AZ31 as model materials representing, respectively, the structural refinement under severe plastic deformation (SPD) via strain-induced formation of new grain boundaries and via dynamic recrystallization. For the first alloy, the microstructure after sc-ECAE is formed via ultrafine sub-grains, which are further transformed into sub-micrometer grains during post-ECAE rolling. The preliminary solution treatment of AA5083 is an important stabilizing factor for the achievement of high mechanical properties. For the second alloy, optimized sc-ECAE results in a remarkable structural refinement, and a good balance of properties is obtained with a low number of passes. However, additional rolling in the latter case leads to a degradation of the structure and properties.

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Section: Semi-continuous Ecaementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Selection Processing and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-Continuous Equal-Channel Angular Extrusion and Rolling of AA5083 and AZ31 Alloys

Segal

Reznikov

Murching

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…Relations between mechanical properties and microstructures of the samples successfully I-ECAPed in this work have been published in the other articles. [20,23] The goal of this work was to investigate how the initial grain size and the processing route affect formability of magnesium alloys during I-ECAP. Experiments were conducted at different temperatures in order to determine the window of allowable processing parameters.…”

Section: Equal-channel Angular Pressing (Ecap) Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origin of Fracture in the I-ECAP of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Gzyl

Rosochowski

Boczkal

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

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Magnesium alloys are very promising materials for weight-saving structural applications due to their low density, comparing to other metals and alloys currently used. However, they usually suffer from a limited formability at room temperature and low strength. In order to overcome those issues, processes of severe plastic deformation (SPD) can be utilized to improve mechanical properties, but processing parameters need to be selected with care to avoid fracture, very often observed for those alloys during forming. In the current work, the AZ31B magnesium alloy was subjected to SPD by incremental equal-channel angular pressing (I-ECAP) at temperatures varying from 398 K to 525 K (125°C to 250°C) to determine the window of allowable processing parameters. The effects of initial grain size and billet rotation scheme on the occurrence of fracture during I-ECAP were investigated. The initial grain size ranged from 1.5 to 40 lm and the I-ECAP routes tested were A, B C , and C. Microstructures of the processed billets were characterized before and after I-ECAP. It was found that a fine-grained and homogenous microstructure was required to avoid fracture at low temperatures. Strain localization arising from a stress relaxation within recrystallized regions, namely twins and finegrained zones, was shown to be responsible for the generation of microcracks. Based on the I-ECAP experiments and available literature data for ECAP, a power law between the initial grain size and processing conditions, described by a Zener-Hollomon parameter, has been proposed. Finally, processing by various routes at 473 K (200°C) revealed that route A was less prone to fracture than routes B C and C.

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“…The grain refinement stemming from DDRX can also be modeled using cellular automata (CA). Such an approach was applied by Gzyl et al [37] The strain, strain rate, and temperature at the integration points were calculated using the finite element method. These data were then used to simulate the DRX using the CA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Evolution in Cold-Rolled Pure Titanium: Modeling by the Three-Scale Crystal Plasticity Approach Accounting for Twinning

Frydrych

Kowalczyk-Gajewska

2018

Metall Mater Trans A

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A three-scale crystal plasticity model is applied to simulate microstructure evolution in hcp titanium subjected to cold rolling. Crystallographic texture and misorientation angle development, as an indicator of grain refinement, are studied. The impact of twinning activity on both phenomena is accounted for by combining the original three-scale formulation with the probabilistic twin-volume consistent (PTVC) reorientation scheme. The modeling results are compared with available experimental data. It is shown that the simulated textures are in accordance with the experimental measurements. The basic components of misorientation angle distribution, especially in the range of high angle boundaries, are also well reproduced.

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Producing High‐Strength Metals by I‐ECAP

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Semi-Continuous Equal-Channel Angular Extrusion and Rolling of AA5083 and AZ31 Alloys

Semi-Continuous Equal-Channel Angular Extrusion and Rolling of AA5083 and AZ31 Alloys

The Origin of Fracture in the I-ECAP of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

Microstructure Evolution in Cold-Rolled Pure Titanium: Modeling by the Three-Scale Crystal Plasticity Approach Accounting for Twinning

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