Producing high-performing silicon anodes by tailoring ionic liquids as electrolytes

Sánchez‐Ramírez, Nedher; Assresahegn, Birhanu Desalegn; Torresi, Roberto M.; Bélanger, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2019.09.035

Cited by 34 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A similar trend was observed for anode materials such as Ge as the lower viscosity, higher ionic conductivity C 4 mpyrFSI electrolyte enabled higher electrode discharge capacities to be obtained, 445 mAh g −1 vs. 260 mAh g −1 for C 4 mpyrTFSI. Similar trends were observed with Si electrodes [ 188 ]. The difference in the electrochemical performance was attributed to the SEI layer formation on the electrode as the anions underwent different decomposition mechanisms upon electrochemical reduction at different rates.…”

Section: N -Butyl- N -Methylsupporting

confidence: 85%

Pyrrolidinium Containing Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Li-Based Batteries

McGrath

Rohan

2020

Molecules

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Ionic liquids are potential alternative electrolytes to the more conventional solid-state options under investigation for future energy storage solutions. This review addresses the utilization of IL electrolytes in energy storage devices, particularly pyrrolidinium-based ILs. These ILs offer favorable properties, such as high ionic conductivity and the potential for high power drain, low volatility and wide electrochemical stability windows (ESW). The cation/anion combination utilized significantly influences their physical and electrochemical properties, therefore a thorough discussion of different combinations is outlined. Compatibility with a wide array of cathode and anode materials such as LFP, V2O5, Ge and Sn is exhibited, whereby thin-films and nanostructured materials are investigated for micro energy applications. Polymer gel electrolytes suitable for layer-by-layer fabrication are discussed for the various pyrrolidinium cations, and their compatibility with electrode materials assessed. Recent advancements regarding the modification of typical cations such a 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium, to produce ether-functionalized or symmetrical cations is discussed.

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Section: N -Butyl- N -Methylsupporting

confidence: 85%

Pyrrolidinium Containing Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Li-Based Batteries

McGrath

Rohan

2020

Molecules

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“…As has been shown previously, by setting the phosphonium cation using [P 2225 ] (triethyl‐n‐ penylphosphonium), a comparison among TFSI (bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and FSI (bis(fluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) showed up to 50 % higher ionic conductivity and 19 % lower viscosity in FSI‐based ILs [16] . In their subsequent application as electrolytes with Si anodes, FSI‐based ILs showed superior electrochemical performance compared to TFSI‐based ILs, which was attributed to the stabilized SEI layer [17,32,33] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…We can also notice that from Table 2, all ILs are significantly more viscous than the EC/DEC solvent, which represents the main weak point of these substances [32] . Nevertheless, when used as an electrolyte with a silicon anode, FSI‐based ILs can remarkably stabilize the SEI [32] compared to the organic solvent and hence can somewhat compensate for the drawback related to the transport properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Four Phosphonium‐based Ionic Liquids. Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Performance as Electrolytes for Silicon Anodes

et al. 2022

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Herein, we describe the synthesis, characterization and electrochemical performance of four phosphonium‐based ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes, Physicochemical properties such as viscosity, density, ionic conductivity, and thermal stability of ILs and conventional organic solvent ethylene carbonate (EC)/diethyl carbonate (DEC) were experimentally determined at different temperatures. All ILs showed thermal stability greater than 300 °C, surpassing the stability of the conventional organic solvent, whose flash points were 145 and 23 °C for EC and DEC, respectively. Nevertheless, at room temperature, all ILs are much more viscous than EC/DEC. The composite Si ‐[P2224][FSI] (triethyl‐n‐butylphosphonium bis(fluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) and Si‐EC/DEC anodes exhibit initial specific capacities at 0.15 A/g of 2409 and 2631 mAh/g, respectively. This demonstrates that despite the inferior transport properties of ILs, short alkyl‐substituted phosphonium ILs like [P2224][FSI] are potentially competitive for the new generation of electrolytes for LIBs. NMR, DSC, TGA, and galvanostatic discharged/charged were used as characterization techniques.

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“…Electrolyte plays significant role in passivating the Si/electrolyte during the initial lithiation process and transport ions to connect the silicon‐based anode with Li ion, isolate electrons and determine the electrochemical window [13b,15b,67] . Electrolyte components of salts, [ 68 ] solvents, [9b,69] and additives [ 70 ] have profound influence on the solvation structure, interfacial stability, electrode dissolution, cost, safety, and overall electrochemical performance. To passivate the interphase and decrease the continuous side reactions between Si and the electrolyte during the repeated lithiation and delithiation processes, cosolvents, and functional additives, aimed at stabilizing the SEI film, have been widely used in the electrolyte.…”

Section: Efficient Strategies Toward Si Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise, the organogel electrolyte not only acts as ion conductor, but also provides cohesion within the Si particles, maintaining electrode integrity, which suppresses the serious crack extension and thickness growth. As a result, compared with liquid electrolytes, the capacity retention of the Si anode upon cycling in the cyanoresin organogel electrolyte was significantly improved [69c] . By focusing on the mechanisms of interfacial processes at the surface of amorphous silicon thin‐film electrodes in organic carbonate electrolytes, it unveil the origins of the inherent nonpassivating behavior of silicon anodes in LIBs.…”

Section: Efficient Strategies Toward Si Anodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Recent Progress on Silicon‐Based Anode Materials for Next‐Generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2021

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The electrode materials are the most critical content for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density for electric vehicles and portable electronics. Considering the high abundance, environmental friendliness, low cost, high capacity, and low operation potential of silicon‐based anode, it has been intensively studied as one of the most promising anode materials for high‐energy LIBs. However, the widespread application of silicon anode is impeded by the poor electrical conductivity, large volume variation, and unstable solid–electrolyte interfaces films. In the past decade, significant efforts have been demonstrated to tackle these major challenges toward industrial applications. Herein, the focus is on combining with advanced structure like nanostructure and composite with other materials, exploring various new polymer binders, improving electrolyte, different prelithiation strategies, and Si/graphite design to meet commercialization requirements, particularly summarized the progress on areal capacity, initial Coulombic efficiency, and cost. Finally, the guidelines and trends for practical silicon electrodes are presented based on the recent reports.

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Producing high-performing silicon anodes by tailoring ionic liquids as electrolytes

Cited by 34 publications

References 62 publications

Pyrrolidinium Containing Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Li-Based Batteries

Pyrrolidinium Containing Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Li-Based Batteries

Four Phosphonium‐based Ionic Liquids. Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Performance as Electrolytes for Silicon Anodes

Challenges and Recent Progress on Silicon‐Based Anode Materials for Next‐Generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries

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