Producing geopolymer composites using oil shale ash

Abstract

The potential of producing geopolymer (GP) composites using Jordanian oil shale ash (OSA) was investigated. Twelve GP mortar mixtures were prepared using OSA and different proportions of commercially available alkaline activator, composed of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. Prismatic specimens (40 × 40 × 160 mm), attained satisfactory workability, were left at laboratory air for 24 hr, then demolded and dry cured at different practical temperatures (60-100 C) for 24 and 48 hr before left in laboratory air and finally tested for strength and capillary porosity. Furthermore, SEM analysis was carried out on matured GP mortar samples to determine the extent of OSA polymerization and status of pore system. The results indicated the potential of producing GP mortar using OSA with strength grades of as high as 20 MPa. Dry curing at 60 C for 24 hr imparted the best mechanical and durability properties of OSA-based GP mortar. The internal pore structure showed excellent correlation with mechanical and durability properties of produced GP composites. K E Y W O R D S concrete, geopolymer, OSA, porosity, SEM, strength

Towards Sustainable Soil Stabilization in Peatlands: Secondary Raw Materials as an Alternative

“…The binding materials consist mainly of pozzolanic materials and alkaline activators and can be employed to construct secondary and structural elements of good strength and excellent durability [88][89][90][91][92]. Geopolymers from Jordanian oil shale ashes were investigated by Haddad et al [195], revealing mechanical and durability properties of such materials at various processing procedures. It has to be considered that geopolymer composites need the addition of alkaline activator, such as sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, or others, thus turning the process into a chemical reaction.…”

“…The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the paper. [101,107,110,115,116,118,119,195,196] Semi-coke [87,[89][90][91][92]96,175,178,195,198,199,201,222]…”

Semi-coking of oil shale of the Leningrad deposit

“…Haddad R. H., Ashteyat A.M., Lababneh Z. K from the Jordan University of Science and Technology are engaged in the problem of oil shales ash composition. They are interested in producing composites based on ash [16,17].…”

Novel binder material in geopolymer mortar production: Obsidian stone powder

“…17 Waste materials used in production, calcined natural clays (metakaolin), 18 silica fume, fly ash, waste glass powder, and red mud; alkali activators are generally sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ). [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Different pozzolanic materials are used to improve the mechanical properties of geopolymer mortars. 26 Metakaolin is one of the pozzolanic materials used in geopolymer technology.…”