Producción de biomasa anual de dos acrídidos (Orthoptera: Acrididae) como alimento alternativo para aves de corral

Abstract

Acridids could be an alternative nonconventional protein source for livestock industries like poultry farms. For a high acridid biomass production, selection of acridid species along with their suitable food plants is essential. The present experiment was conducted by rearing of two common Indian acridids, Oxya hyla and Spathosternum prasiniferum, to estimate which one could produce higher annual biomass when fed on three food plants, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Brachiaria mutica and Cynodon dactylon, to determine the most favorable food plant. Fecundity, fertility, nymphal mortality and sex ratio of both acridid species fed with three different plants were estimated for the annual biomass production in terms of number. Annual biomass production in terms of wet weight, dry weight and energy content were also estimated. Among the two acridid species, O. hyla showed higher values for fecundity, fertility and both wet and dry body weight; and lower values for nymphal mortality in all the three food plant fed sets. Among the three food plants, B. mutica was found to be the most suitable for annual biomass production of both acridids. It was concluded that mass rearing of O. hyla fed on B. mutica could yield a high annual biomass in acridid farms.Additional key words: acridid farm; Brachiaria mutica; fecundity; mass rearing; Oxya hyla. ResumenProducción de biomasa anual de dos acrídidos (Orthoptera: Acrididae) como alimento alternativo para aves de corralLos acrídidos podrían ser una fuente de proteínas no convencional alternativa para las granjas de aves de corral. Para una producción masiva de biomasa de acrídidos, es esencial seleccionar las especies adecuadas, junto con las plantas que los alimenten adecuadamente. Se llevó a cabo un experimento para criar dos acrídidos comunes en la India, Oxya hyla y Spathosternum prasiniferum y estimar cuál de ellos puede producir una mayor biomasa anual cuando se alimentan de tres plantas, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Brachiaria mutica y Cynodon dactylon, determinando cual de ellas es el alimento más favorable. Para la producción anual de biomasa, en términos de número, se estimaron las tasas de fecundidad, fertilidad, mortalidad de ninfas y el sexo de ambas especies de acrídidos alimentados con las tres diferentes plantas. También se estimaron la producción de biomasa anual, en términos de peso húmedo y seco, y el contenido de energía. Entre las dos especies, O. hyla mostró valores más altos de fecundidad, fertilidad y peso corporal, tanto húmedo como seco, y valores más bajos de mortalidad de ninfas para las tres plantas. Entre las tres plantas utilizadas como alimento, B. mutica fue la más adecuada para la producción anual de biomasa para ambos acrídidos. Se concluye que la cría masiva de O. hyla alimentándose de B. mutica puede producir una gran biomasa anual en las granjas de acrídidos.

Suitable food plants for mass rearing of the short-horn grasshopper Oxya hyla hyla (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

“…Das et al (2012a) report the optimum temperature and photoperiod conditions for its mass production and suggest this species is a potential candidate for mass culture. Das et al (2012b) report that the young nymphs of O. hyla hyla prefer to feed on soft green grasses (D. aegyptium) and after the 3 rd instar on B. mutica. Proper nymphal development is crucial for the survival of grasshopper populations and biomass production.…”

“…The survival and growth of an insect is dependent on the quality of its food (Sanjayan & Murgun, 1987;Ganguly et al, 2010;Das et al, 2012b). During its development an animal requires nutrients (i.e., protein, carbohydrate, fat, micro-nutrient and water) for growth, reproduction and other metabolic activities.…”

The Sustainable Food Self-Sufficiency Achievement Strategy in East Java Province, Indonesia

“…The sustainability of the food sovereignty, self-sufficiency, and security depends on the country or regional's capability to create food technology innovation and disseminate it to the food business actors. Therefore, a food institution which has an authority and policy in the sustainable food security is required so that they can coordinate, integrate, and synergize with a lot of sectors (Carolyn, Stephanie, 2014). The regional government has to conduct food research and development continually as well as encourage the institutions under the regional government, educational institution, research institution, food business actors, and citizens to conduct food research and development activities.…”

“…The local resources-based food can be available optimally through food diversification and local food production priority. The affordability in terms of the physical and economic aspects is undertaken by stabilizing the staple food's s price, managing the staple food reserve, and distributing the staple food well (Nasikh, et al, 2015;Das, et al, 2012;García et al, 2014).…”

Does space matter? Estimation and evaluation of required space for commercial mass culture of grasshoppers (Acridoidea: Orthoptera)

“…Acridids have received much attention in the insect biomass production industry because of their numerous advantages [ 13 – 15 ]. For example, they can produce a significant amount of biomass in short period than other insects due to their high reproductive potential [ 16 , 17 ] and rapid breeding cycle [ 12 , 18 ].…”