Produção de forragem, palhada e características estruturais da aveia preta conduzida em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária

Abstract

The objective of the work was to evaluate the structural characteristics of black oats, forage production and remaining dry matter, conducted in a crop-livestock integration system. The treatments consisted of two black oat sowing densities (40 and 60 kg ha-1 of seeds) and crop management: no grazing, one grazing and two grazing. Plant height, number of tillers, stem diameter, stem leaf ratio and available and remaining dry matter productivity were evaluated. The available dry matter productivity was higher for the management without grazing, as well as the remaining dry matter productivity, for the first and second sampling. For the second sampling, the height of plants was greater where grazing did not occur, however, the largest number of tillers was greater for oats once grazed.

Decomposition of oat straw and release of macronutrients in different managements

“…In accordance with Alvarenga et al (2007) such objectives are viable once CLF allows economical exploration of soil throughout the year. Furthermore, the implementation of CLF system requires some measures which enable soil conservation and adequacy to the cultivation from which it is possible to increase soil quality, improving water and nutrients dynamic through the soil profile (BUNGENSTAB et al, 2019;MATTEI et al, 2020).…”

“…Oat (Avena sativa L.) has been used as the mayor Poaceae specie in CLF systems in south Brazil and it is characterized as a winter annual forage specie adaptable to the climatic conditions of this region. Oat presents great productive income and quality (MATTEI et al, 2020).…”

“…It is worthy to point out oat as a means to proportionate allelopathic benefits which suppresses weeds and contributes to maximize their control to the following crops. In addition, oat holds a great source of nutrients to be released for the subsequent crops mainly under tropical weather conditions which is recognized by high temperatures, humidity and intense rainfall, factors that accelerate decomposition of residues (PIANO et al, 2017;MATTEI et al, 2018;VENGEN et al, 2020). Poaceae species present higher carbon-nitrogen ration (C/N) compared to Fabaceae ones ending up with a lower decomposition rate that leads to a better mulching (CRUSCIOL et al, 2008;MATTEI et al, 2018;VENGEN et al, 2020).…”

“…Residue decomposition is performed specially by soil microorganisms and has its speed altered by several factors such as nitrogen concentration, the contact between residue and soil, hydric regime, soil temperature, C/N ratio and more (ACOSTA et al, 2014;MATTEI et al, 2018;GONÇALVES et al, 2019). Acosta et al (2014) observed that the decomposition of black oat, fava bean and wild radish under no tillage system revealed noninfluence of biomass amount of fava bean and wild radish on their respective decomposition rate.…”