Processing, Structure, and Electrical Properties of Metal-Filled Polymers

TSDC spectroscopy of relaxational and interfacial phenomena

“…Appropriate modelling of the depolarisation effects on the TSDC measurements is very important for better understanding of polymer properties [247]. The TSDC applications allow: (i) better transition resolution compared with DSC; (ii) the possibility of studying surface treatments on finished products; (iii) the study of plasticizing, oxidation and other phenomena [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]35,. Typically, several relaxations such as γ, β, α, ρ, and MWS are considered for polymers.…”

“…Polymers are the most popular objects of TSDC investigations typically parallel to DRS, DSC, and other thermal analysis techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][217][218][219]. By using these methods, many properties of polymers can be investigated such as chemical relaxation [220], cold crystallization [221] and stabilizer effects [222], influence of space charges on molecular microstructure [223] and thermal-induced structural changes [224,225], physical aging [226] and the effects of gamma and neutron radiation [227].…”

“…It should be noted that, despite high sensitivity and information content of the TSDC method, it is less well known and used than dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS or dynamic dielectric spectroscopy, DDS), and NMR spectroscopy techniques, used to study the relaxation phenomena observed for soft and solid materials in gaseous or liquid media. The TSDC method was applied for many systems: polymers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], solids [15], metal oxides [16][17][18], crystals [19], dielectrics [20,21], adsorbed and interfacial water and aqueous suspensions of fumed oxides [22,23], hydrogels [24], organics [25], etc. This wide application of the TSDC method suggests the possible use of this technique for a variety of interesting and complex objects such as bio-and nanomaterials, nanocomposites, water in polymers and native or inactivated bioobjects, biosystems, etc.…”

Electrical transport measurements of highly conductive nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes/poly(bisphenol A carbonate) composites

“…Under certain conditions, the polycarbonate composites behave as a highly viscous Newtonian fluid, in which the polycarbonate has a larger shear stress value; therefore, the nanotube particles are dispersed more homogenously in the host material, allowing the state of agglomeration of the filler phase to control the percolation threshold. 21 In our case, the percolation threshold can be attributed to wetting the nanotubes by the polymer, whereas the stronger this interaction is, the better the polymer wets the nanotubes and therefore, the percolation threshold increases. The semicircle plot, Cole-Cole plot (imaginary impedance against real impedance), is a good indication of the homogeneity of our composites [Figs.…”

“…2(a) and 2(b), Table I], where r DC (r ο ) is the frequency-independent conductivity of the composite. [17][18][19][20][21] The final saturated AC conductivity is close to 199 and 763 sÁcm À1 for acid-treated and pristine N-MWCNTs, respectively.…”