Processing prefixes and suffixes in handwriting production

Kandel, Sonia; Spinelli, Elsa; Tremblay, Annie; Guerassimovitch, Helena; Álvarez, Carlos J.

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.04.005

Cited by 35 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In a series of experiments, Kandel and her colleagues have shown that various formal properties of words affect handwriting production (Kandel, Alvarez, & Vallée, 2006;Kandel, Herault, Grosjacques, Lambert, & Fayol, 2009;Kandel, Spinelli, Tremblay, Guerassimovitch, & Alvarez, 2012;Kandel & Spinelli, 2010). In particular, participants produce longer interletter intervals in writing letters across both syllable boundaries (Kandel et al, 2006(Kandel et al, , 2009 and morpheme boundaries (Kandel et al, 2012) than they do within syllables or within morphemes. Additionally, formal lexical properties such as orthographic regularity also affect handwriting execution, with longer letter durations in irregular words than in matched regular words (Roux, McKeeff, Grosjacques, Afonso, & Kandel, 2013).…”

Section: Cascading Activation In Written Word Productionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cascading activation from lexical processing to letter-level processing in written word production

Buchwald

Falconer

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Descriptions of language production have identified processes involved in producing language and the presence and type of interaction among those processes. In the case of spoken language production, consensus has emerged that there is interaction among lexical selection processes and phoneme-level processing. This issue has received less attention in written language production. In this paper, we present a novel analysis of the writing-to-dictation performance of an individual with acquired dysgraphia revealing cascading activation from lexical processing to letter-level processing. The individual produced frequent lexical-semantic errors (e.g., chipmunk → SQUIRREL) as well as letter errors (e.g., inhibit → INBHITI) and had a profile consistent with impairment affecting both lexical processing and letter-level processing. The presence of cascading activation is suggested by lower letter accuracy on words that are more weakly activated during lexical selection than on those that are more strongly activated. We operationalize weakly activated lexemes as those lexemes that are produced as lexical-semantic errors (e.g., lethal in deadly → LETAHL) compared to strongly activated lexemes where the intended target word (e.g., lethal) is the lexeme selected for production.

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Section: Cascading Activation In Written Word Productionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cascading activation from lexical processing to letter-level processing in written word production

Buchwald

Falconer

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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“…A small set of studies have begun to test predictions about the time course of morphological processing during spelling. The majority of the studies of morphological processing before or during handwriting have been conducted with adults and involve copying, rather than spelling (Kandel, Álvarez, & Vallée, 2008;Kandel, Spinelli, Tremblay, Guerassimovitch, & Álvarez, 2012;Quémart & Lambert, 2018). Studies of French adults by Kandel and colleagues (Kandel et al, 2008; see also 2012) demonstrate evidence of morphological processing in handwriting durations both before and during copying.…”

Section: Time Course Of Morphological Processing During Children's Spmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Processing Before and During Children’s Spelling

Breadmore

Deacon

2018

Scientific Studies of Reading

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Our understanding of spelling development has largely been gleaned from analysis of children's accuracy at spelling words under varying conditions and the nature of their errors. Here, we consider whether handwriting durations can inform us about the time course with which children use morphological information to produce accurate spellings of root morphemes. Six-to 7-year-old (n = 23) and 8-to 11-year-old (n = 25) children produced 28 target spellings in a spelling-to-dictation task. Target words were matched quadruplets of base, control, inflected, and derived words beginning with the same letters (e.g., rock, rocket, rocking, rocky). Both groups of children showed evidence of morphological processing as they prepared their spelling; writing onset latencies were shorter for two-morpheme words than control words. The findings are consistent with statistical learning theories of spelling development and theories of lexical quality that include a role of morphology. Spelling has long been considered a window into how children think about words (e.g., Morris & Perney, 1984; Ouellette & Sénéchal, 2008; Treiman, 1998). We have learned a great deal through naturalistic and experimental research examining both children's spelling accuracy and their errors. For instance, children are more likely to include the penultimate /n/ in spelling two-morpheme words such as pinned than in one-morpheme words such as wind, suggesting a reliance on morphemes, the smallest units of meaning in language, in spelling (e.g., Treiman & Cassar, 1996; Treiman, Cassar, & Zukowski, 1994). We extend this evidence to explore the mechanisms underlying morphological processing during spelling. We build on recent adult research (Quémart & Lambert, 2017) to establish the utility of children's handwriting durations as offering insight into the time course of the processes children use before and during spelling of two-morpheme words. Changes with age in children's processing during spelling: studies of spelling production Behavioural studies show that children use morphemes in their spelling from an early age. Most evidence comes from the product of spelling processes, particularly spelling accuracy. For instance, Deacon and colleagues showed that children as young as 6 are more likely to spell whole root words correctly in inflected and derived words than in one-morpheme comparison words. Children are more likely to spell rock correctly in its two-morpheme relatives rocking and rocky than in the singlemorpheme word rocket (Deacon, 2008; Deacon & Bryant, 2006a, 2006b). Similar evidence comes from effects of morphology on children's spellings of single letters. For instance, 5-year-olds are more likely to spell the alveolar flap correctly as t when it is part of a root (e.g., dirty) than when it is not (e.g., city; Treiman et al., 1994; see also Treiman & Cassar, 1996).

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“…Finally, the morpheme could also structure orthographic representations in the orthographic lexicon (Badecker, Hillis, & Caramazza, 1990). Kandel, Spinelli, Tremblay, Guerassimovitch, and Álvarez (2012) showed that the morphological structure of words influences the dynamics of word writing in adults. Quémart and Lambert (this issue) replicated this effect Introduction to the special issue on the dynamics of written… in adults and showed that the morphological complexity of words influences the dynamics of writing from the fourth grade.…”

Section: Which Processing Units Are Relevant To Word Writing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morpheme is also a candidate as a processing unit of word writing in children. Kandel et al (2012) showed that adult writers pause longer between two letters when these two letters belong to different morphemes (e.g., between the L and the E in VOLEUR) than when they belong to the same morpheme (e.g., between the L and the E in SOLEIL). This result suggests that adults activate the second morpheme when they finish writing the first one.…”

Section: What Model For Lifespan Word Writing Skills?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special issue on the dynamics of written word production: methods, models and processing units

Lambert

Quémart

2018

Read Writ

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During the three past decades, written production models were essentially aimed at proposing a static view of the processes implemented to produce words. However, there are an increasing number of studies with the aim of better understanding the dynamics of the course of the writing process. These studies have raised a number of issues regarding the method used to study written word production and the factors that influence the dynamics of writing (type of orthography, transparency of the orthography, level of development, etc.). The scope of this special issue is to advance knowledge of the dynamics of written word production through empirical studies that address the above issues. This issue is based on the first Writing Word(s) Workshop (W3), which took place in July 2015 in Poitiers, France. The issue contains 9 articles by leading scholars in the field of the dynamics of written word production.

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Processing prefixes and suffixes in handwriting production

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

Cascading activation from lexical processing to letter-level processing in written word production

Cascading activation from lexical processing to letter-level processing in written word production

Morphological Processing Before and During Children’s Spelling

Introduction to the special issue on the dynamics of written word production: methods, models and processing units

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