Processing of Nearly Pure Iron Using 400w Selective Laser Melting – Initial Study

Paloušek, David; Pantělejev, Libor; Zikmund, Tomáš; Koutný, Daniel

doi:10.17973/mmsj.2017_02_2016184

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(5 reference statements)

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“…Note that 0°-oriented tensile specimens with a density of up to 99.7%, UTS of ~450 MPa and an elongation to failure of ~20% were built using the same iron-based powder feedstock as that of this study but a different L-PBF system (250HL SLM Solutions Group) [3]. By changing the building system and optimizing the printing parameters, we were able to manufacture an equally dense and a mechanically comparable product, but with a significantly smaller energy input: 70 J/mm 3 for M280 and 120 J/mm 3 for 250HL system.…”

Section: General Discussion On the L-pbf Processing Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was experimentally proven that when printing the skin of the part (last three layers) with a very low build rate (~3 cm 3 /h), the top surface roughness reduces from 9 to 3 µ m. For the core of the part, however, the build rate can be tripled (~9 cm 3 /h) without affecting the part density. Note that 0 • -oriented tensile specimens with a density of up to 99.7%, UTS of~450 MPa and an elongation to failure of~20% were built using the same iron-based powder feedstock as that of this study but a different L-PBF system (250HL SLM Solutions Group) [3]. By changing the building system and optimizing the printing parameters, we were able to manufacture an equally dense and a mechanically comparable product, but with a significantly smaller energy input: 70 J/mm 3 for M280 compared to 120 J/mm 3 for 250HL system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blachford Ltd., Mississauga, ON, Canada). The green specimens were then sintered at 1120 • C for 30 min under a 90% N2 and 10% H2 atmosphere, and final densities of 89%, 92%, and 94% were obtained (considering a bulk density of pure iron corresponding to 7.87 g/cm 3 ).…”

Section: Post-processing Of the L-pbf Specimens And Their Tensile Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest densities of the printed specimens, as evaluated using the μ-CT and the Archimedes' techniques, were obtained when the energy density varied from 50 to 130 J/mm 3 (Figure 6a), the melt …”

Section: Density Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was already demonstrated that such water atomized iron powders could be used to print components with a final density of up to 99.7% using a 250HL L-PBF system (SLM Solutions Group AG, Luebeck, Germany) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Water-Atomized Iron-Based Powders: Process Optimization

Letenneur

Braïlovski

Kreitcberg

et al. 2017

JMMP

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Abstract:The laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technology was adapted for use with non-spherical economical water-atomized iron powders. A simplified numerical and experimental modeling approach was applied to determine-in a first approximation-the operation window for the selected powder in terms of laser power, scanning speed, hatching space, and layer thickness. The operation window, delimited by a build rate ranging from 4 to 25 cm 3 /h, and a volumetric energy density ranging from 50 to 190 J/mm 3 , was subsequently optimized to improve the density, the mechanical properties, and the surface roughness of the manufactured specimens. Standard L-PBF-built specimens were subjected to microstructural (porosity, grain size) and metrological (accuracy, shrinkage, minimum wall thickness, surface roughness) analyses and mechanical testing (three-point bending and tensile tests). The results of the microstructural, metrological and mechanical characterizations of the L-PBF-built specimens subjected to stress relieve annealing and hot isostatic pressing were then compared with those obtained with conventional pressing-sintering technology. Finally, by using an energy density of 70 J/mm 3 and a build rate of 9 cm 3 /h, it was possible to manufacture 99.8%-dense specimens with an ultimate strength of 330 MPa and an elongation to failure of 30%, despite the relatively poor circularity of the powder used.

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Section: General Discussion On the L-pbf Processing Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post-processing Of the L-pbf Specimens And Their Tensile Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Density Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Water-Atomized Iron-Based Powders: Process Optimization

Letenneur

Braïlovski

Kreitcberg

et al. 2017

JMMP

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Challenges and Opportunities in the Selective Laser Melting of Biodegradable Metals for Load-Bearing Bone Scaffold Applications

Carluccio

Demir

Bermingham

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans A

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The aim of this paper is to assess the current status of processing Biodegradable metals (BDM) via selective laser melting (SLM), with particular emphasis on bone scaffold applications, and provide a meta-analysis on the effect of processing parameters on relative density to better direct recommendations for the future of this growing field. Synthetic bone scaffolds are becoming a popular alternative for the treatment of critical bone defects that cannot heal without surgical intervention.These scaffolds act as a bridge allowing bone to grow across the gap. Selective laser melting can achieve bone scaffolds with complex hierarchical architecture tailored specifically to the patient. SLM manufactured titanium scaffolds have already been clinically tested with some success. Permanent titanium alloys have a higher chance of implant rejection from the innate immune reaction, coupled with complications linked to the high mismatch in stiffness between the implant and the bone. Biodegradable metals can overcome these problems by maintaining sufficient mechanical properties for load-bearing applications during healing and eventually

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Relationship between microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of pure iron produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) in the as-built and stress relieved conditions

et al. 2022

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In the present work, the mechanical and magnetic properties of pure iron manufactured by laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) were investigated both in the as-built (AB) and stress relieved (HT) conditions, with the aim of elucidating their relationship with the microstructure and evaluating whether and to what extent it can be suitable for industrial applications. The L-PBF process was optimized to obtain high density, crack-free components. Specimens for microstructural analyses, tensile and magnetic tests were manufactured under the optimized conditions and tested both in the as-built and annealed (850 °C for 1 h, to relieve the residual stresses) conditions. Tensile tests showed high tensile strength in both AB and HT conditions (larger than those of conventionally produced pure iron), with higher ductility and lower strength after stress relieving. The magnetic study indicated a not optimal magnetic softness although the heat treatment enhanced the permeability and reduced the coercivity with respect to the as-built condition. The high mechanical strength and low magnetic softness came from the very fine grain size (about 5 μm) of L-PBF pure iron. Instead, the improvement of magnetic softness and ductility after heat treatment was attributed to the possible reduction of dislocation density and consequent stress relief. The results indicated the possibility to achieve a considerably high mechanical strength, in pure iron manufactured by L-PBF, although the fine grain size limits its magnetic softness.

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Processing of Nearly Pure Iron Using 400w Selective Laser Melting – Initial Study

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Water-Atomized Iron-Based Powders: Process Optimization

Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Water-Atomized Iron-Based Powders: Process Optimization

Challenges and Opportunities in the Selective Laser Melting of Biodegradable Metals for Load-Bearing Bone Scaffold Applications

Relationship between microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of pure iron produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) in the as-built and stress relieved conditions

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