Processing of Horizontal Optic Flow in Three Visual Interneurons of the<i>Drosophila</i>Brain

Schnell, Bettina; Joesch, Maximilian; Förstner, Friedrich; Raghu, Shamprasad Varija; Otsuna, Hideo; Ito, Kei; Borst, Alexander; Reiff, Dierk F.

doi:10.1152/jn.00950.2009

Cited by 141 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…In agreement with previous work (31,33), HSN in the left lobula plate (Fig. 3B) responded to standard motion in its preferred or counter clockwise (CCW) direction with an increase in calcium signal.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Neural correlates of illusory motion perception in Drosophila

Tuthill

Chiappe

Reiser

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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When the contrast of an image flickers as it moves, humans perceive an illusory reversal in the direction of motion. This classic illusion, called reverse-phi motion, has been well-characterized using psychophysics, and several models have been proposed to account for its effects. Here, we show that Drosophila melanogaster also respond behaviorally to the reverse-phi illusion and that the illusion is present in dendritic calcium signals of motion-sensitive neurons in the fly lobula plate. These results closely match the predictions of the predominant model of fly motion detection. However, high flicker rates cause an inversion of the reverse-phi behavioral response that is also present in calcium signals of lobula plate tangential cell dendrites but not predicted by the model. The fly's behavioral and neural responses to the reverse-phi illusion reveal unexpected interactions between motion and flicker signals in the fly visual system and suggest that a similar correlation-based mechanism underlies visual motion detection across the animal kingdom.fly vision | Drosophila behavior | calcium imaging | visual illusion A mong visual organisms, the ability to detect motion is nearly universal. Animals as diverse as weevils (1) and wallabies (2) compute visual motion from time-varying patterns of brightness received by an array of photoreceptors. However, the mechanisms by which the visual system detects motion are not wellunderstood in any animal (3). Here, we use a visual illusion to probe the mechanisms of motion detection in the fly, Drosophila melanogaster.Sequential flashes at neighboring spatial positions cause humans to perceive motion in the direction of the second flash, an effect called phi or apparent motion (4). A related phenomenon, reverse-phi motion, also relies on sequential luminance changes to evoke a motion percept (5); however, in the reverse-phi stimulus, the contrast polarity of the stimulus inverts as it moves, causing a reversal in the direction of perceived motion (Movie S1). For example, when a black random dot pattern turns to white as it moves right across a gray background, human subjects perceive left motion (6).The reverse-phi effect is not a subtle illusion. Humans exhibit nearly equal sensitivity and comparable spatial and temporal tuning for standard and reverse-phi motion (7). Sensitivity to reverse-phi has also been shown for other vertebrates such as primates (8) and zebrafish (9). Directional responses to reversephi motion are present in cat striate cortex (10), the nucleus of the optic tract in the wallaby (2), and the middle temporal area (MT) of primate visual cortex (8, 11). These psychophysical and neurophysiological data suggest that sensitivity to reverse-phi motion may be a common feature of motion detection in the vertebrate visual system, and for this reason, reverse-phi has been an important tool for building models of visual motion detection (8,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).The prevailing simple model for motion detection in the fly is the Hassenstein-Reichardt elementary moti...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Neural correlates of illusory motion perception in Drosophila

Tuthill

Chiappe

Reiser

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Qualitatively, the behavioral data are quite similar to the electrophysiological tuning curve acquired in LPTCs (Borst and Bahde, 1987;Duistermars et al, 2007;Fry et al, 2009;Hausen and Wehrhahn, 1989;Joesch et al, 2008;Schnell et al, 2010). However, studies in Drosophila revealed a discrepancy between the electrophysiologically-measured temporal frequency tuning curve in lobula plate tangential cells recorded in fixed flies and the behaviorally-observed optomotor response ( fig.…”

Section: State Dependent Broadening Of the Temporal Frequency Tuning supporting

confidence: 64%

Elementary Motion Detection

2015

Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience

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“…Furthermore, the fundamental computations of the HRM can explain motion detection in different vertebrate species including man [14][15][16][17] . In flies, directionally selective responses that closely match the predictions of the model were observed in the large tangential neurons of both (reviewed in 18 ) large fly species (reviewed in 5 ) and Drosophila 19,20 . These cellular responses carry distinct signatures that derive from the correlative processing within the HRM 12 (reviewed in 5,6,18 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Visualizing retinotopic half-wave rectified input to the motion detection circuitry of Drosophila

et al. 2010

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In the visual system of Drosophila, photoreceptors R1-6 relay achromatic brightness information to five parallel pathways. Two of them, the lamina monopolar cells L1 and L2, represent the major input lines to the motion detection circuitry. Here we devised a new method for the optical recording of visually evoked changes in intracellular Ca 2+ in neurons, using targeted expression of a genetically encoded Ca 2+ indicator. Ca 2+ in single terminals of L2 neurons in the medulla carries no information about the direction of motion. However, the observed strong increase in intracellular Ca 2+ induced by light-OFF and only small changes induced by light-ON suggest halfwave rectification of the input signal. Thus, L2 predominantly transmits brightness decrements to downstream circuits that then compute the direction of image motion.2

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Processing of Horizontal Optic Flow in Three Visual Interneurons of theDrosophilaBrain

Abstract: A, Reiff DF. Processing of horizontal optic flow in three visual interneurons of the Drosophila brain.

Cited by 141 publications

References 79 publications

Neural correlates of illusory motion perception in Drosophila

Neural correlates of illusory motion perception in Drosophila

Elementary Motion Detection

Visualizing retinotopic half-wave rectified input to the motion detection circuitry of Drosophila

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