Processing of Fuel Materials with Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water

Conversion of brown coal continuously supplied into the reactor as coal–water slurry in a supercritical water and water–oxygen mixture

“…Conversion of different low-grade fuels in supercritical water (SCW) can be the basis for these technologies [1,2]. As supercritical water (T > 374 • C, P > 22.1 MPa) has low viscosity and a low dielectric constant along with high density, it becomes an effective solvent for organic substances and gases [3][4][5].…”

“…Reactor's configuration:(1) water and/or gas input; (2) ferromagnetic core;(3) electromagnetic coil; (4) copper pipe for water cooling of coil and reactor top;(5) spring; (6) knife for coal dosing; (7) thermocouple; (8) fuel cylinder; (9) piston; (10) hydraulic supply of coal-water slurry; (11) water cooling jacket for reactor top; (12) reactor's body; (13) resistant heaters; (14) heat insulation; (15) disperser for falling coal; (16) reactant output; (17) shielding cylinder; (18) plate made of porous stainless steel; (19) output canal for solid conversion residue; (20) oxidizer and SCW input. Thermocouples' Ti (i = 1-9) location (mm) relative to the reactor bottom shown in the vertical axis on the right; Ti (i = 2, 4, 6, 8)-regulating thermocouples.…”