Processing of Extrafoveal Objects During Multiple-Object Naming.

Morgan, Jane L.; Meyer, Antje S.

doi:10.1037/0278-7393.31.3.428

Cited by 46 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…However, there is an alternative explanation for these results. It can be hypothesized that the longer fixation durations when a detection occurs are due to the planning and the production of the detection response (Griffin, 2003;Morgan & Meyer, 2005). In other words, Roy-Charland et al's results raise the chicken-and-egg problem: Are the longer fixations responsible for the detections, or are the detections responsible for the longer fixation durations?…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Solving the chicken-and-egg problem of letter detection and fixation duration in reading

Roy-Charland

Saint‐Aubin

Lawrence

et al. 2009

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Solving the chicken-and-egg problem of letter detection and fixation duration in reading

Roy-Charland

Saint‐Aubin

Lawrence

et al. 2009

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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“…This is a technique in which, during the saccade from one object to the next, the object on which the saccade would have landed (the interloper) is replaced by a different object (the target). It has been observed that gaze durations on the target were shorter when the target and the interloper were identical, or each other's mirror image, or associated with the same name than when target and interloper were unrelated Morgan and Meyer, 2005;Schotter et al, 2013). This suggests that speakers processed the interloper prior to fixating on its location.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Lateralized electrical brain activity reveals covert attention allocation during speaking

2017

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A B S T R A C TSpeakers usually begin to speak while only part of the utterance has been planned. Earlier work has shown that speech planning processes are reflected in speakers' eye movements as they describe visually presented objects. However, to-be-named objects can be processed to some extent before they have been fixated upon, presumably because attention can be allocated to objects covertly, without moving the eyes. The present study investigated whether EEG could track speakers' covert attention allocation as they produced short utterances to describe pairs of objects (e.g., "dog and chair"). The processing difficulty of each object was varied by presenting it in upright orientation (easy) or in upside down orientation (difficult). Background squares flickered at different frequencies in order to elicit steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs). The N2pc component, associated with the focusing of attention on an item, was detectable not only prior to speech onset, but also during speaking. The time course of the N2pc showed that attention shifted to each object in the order of mention prior to speech onset. Furthermore, greater processing difficulty increased the time speakers spent attending to each object. This demonstrates that the N2pc can track covert attention allocation in a naming task. In addition, an effect of processing difficulty at around 200-350 ms after stimulus onset revealed early attention allocation to the second to-be-named object. The flickering backgrounds elicited SSVEPs, but SSVEP amplitude was not influenced by processing difficulty. These results help complete the picture of the coordination of visual information uptake and motor output during speaking.

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“…Given these differences, the easy objects could probably be identified faster than could the Figure 1. Arrangement of objects in Morgan and Meyer (2005;Experiment 2) and in the present study. difficult ones, and their names could be retrieved faster as well (e.g., Brysbaert & Ghyselinck, 2006;Jescheniak & Levelt, 1994;Juhasz, 2005).…”

Section: Materials and Designmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For the right position, we selected 12 pairs of objects with homophonous names, which had also been used by Morgan and Meyer (2005). Each picture served as a target and as an interloper.…”

Section: Materials and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Parallel processing of objects in a naming task.

Meyer¹,

Ouellet²,

Häcker³

2008

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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The authors investigated whether speakers who named several objects processed them sequentially or in parallel. Speakers named object triplets, arranged in a triangle, in the order left, right, and bottom object. The left object was easy or difficult to identify and name. During the saccade from the left to the right object, the right object shown at trial onset (the interloper) was replaced by a new object (the target), which the speakers named. Interloper and target were identical or unrelated objects, or they were conceptually unrelated objects with the same name (e.g., bat [animal] and [baseball] bat). The mean duration of the gazes to the target was shorter when interloper and target were identical or had the same name than when they were unrelated. The facilitatory effects of identical and homophonous interlopers were significantly larger when the left object was easy to process than when it was difficult to process. This interaction demonstrates that the speakers processed the left and right objects in parallel.

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Processing of Extrafoveal Objects During Multiple-Object Naming.

Cited by 46 publications

References 82 publications

Solving the chicken-and-egg problem of letter detection and fixation duration in reading

Solving the chicken-and-egg problem of letter detection and fixation duration in reading

Lateralized electrical brain activity reveals covert attention allocation during speaking

Parallel processing of objects in a naming task.

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