Processing of Bast Fiber Plants for Industrial Application

Munder, Friedrich; Fürll, Christian; Hempel, Heinz

doi:10.1201/9780203508206.ch3

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Hemcore Ltd., personal communication). This process stresses and breaks the brittle wood, but leaves the fibres relatively undamaged (Munder et al 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wetting behaviour, moisture up-take and electrokinetic properties of lignocellulosic fibres

Baltazar‐y‐Jimenez

Bismarck

2006

Cellulose

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The wetting and moisture up-take behaviour, as well as the electrokinetic properties of various lignocellulosic fibres were characterised. Knowledge of surface and water uptake properties of this kind of materials will help to tailor their potential use in different end user applications. The surface tension of the fibres was determined from wetting measurements using the capillary rise technique. The wetting data were used to determine the surface tension of the fibres. Our results show that the surface tension of the lignocellulosic fibres is a linear function of their cellulose content. Zeta-potential measurements were exploited to characterise the surface chemistry of the fibres. Measuring the zeta-potential as function of time enables the rapid assessment of the water up-take, i.e. the swelling behaviour of the fibres. The results obtained by the zeta potential measurements correlate, with the exception of flax, in a linear manner with the results obtained from conventional moisture uptake measurements. Even though all lignocellulosic fibres are very hydrophilic due to the presence of polar oxygen containing groups they have different grades of hydrophilicity, which is also reflected in the different water uptake capabilities measured.The wetting, moisture uptake and electrokinetic properties of the lignocellulosic fibres are determined by the availability of the surface functional groups present, which is usually consequence of the processes used to separate, and extract the fibres from the plant (retting), as well as any further processing used to improve the fibre quality.

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“…Hemcore Ltd., personal communication). This process stresses and breaks the brittle wood, but leaves the fibres relatively undamaged (Munder et al 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All consecutive processing stages (retting, scutching and hackling) affect the final fibre properties, such as the chemical composition, strength, fineness and colour. Different retting methods are discussed elsewhere (Morrison et al 2000;Munder et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetting behaviour, moisture up-take and electrokinetic properties of lignocellulosic fibres

Baltazar‐y‐Jimenez

Bismarck

2006

Cellulose

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“…About 80% of the total world flax crop is grown in France, Belgium, Spain, UK and Holland. Flax fibre is relatively stronger, crisper and stiffer to handle [19]. During the last decade jute and flax fibre gained remarkable attention as reinforcing materials of composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abaca fibre reinforced PP composites and comparison with jute and flax fibre PP composites

Błędzki

Mamun²,

Faruk³

2007

Express Polym. Lett.

220

123

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Abstract. Abaca fibre reinforced PP composites were fabricated with different fibre loadings (20, 30, 40, 50 wt% and in some cases 35 and 45 wt%). Flax and jute fibre reinforced PP composites were also fabricated with 30 wt% fibre loading. The mechanical properties, odour emission and structure properties were investigated for those composites. Tensile, flexural and Charpy impact strengths were found to increase for fibre loadings up to 40 wt% and then decreased. Falling weight impact tests were also carried out and the same tendency was observed. Owing to the addition of coupling agent (maleated polypropylene -MAH-PP), the tensile, flexural and falling weight impact properties were found to increase in between 30 to 80% for different fibre loadings. When comparing jute and flax fibre composites with abaca fibre composites, jute fibre composites provided best tensile properties but abaca fibre polypropylene composites were shown to provide best notch Charpy and falling weight impact properties. Odours released by flax fibre composites were smaller than jute and abaca fibre composites.

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“…Furthermore, mostly one type of fibre cannot meet all the requirements of the automotive industry. Therefore, fibres from different fibre plants are blended to achieve a multitude of end products with varying properties [8]. The European automotive industry already used a total volume of 80,000 t of wood (38%) and natural fibres for the production of composites in 2012 [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Trials Indicating the Potential of Abutilon Theophrasti (Medic.) As A New Fibre Crop in Southwest Germany

Scheliga

Brand

Türk

et al. 2019

JAA

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Natural fibre based composites are being used more frequently in the automotive industry because of their positive characteristics. Fibres currently used and mostly imported to Europe do not sufficiently meet all the demands for natural fibres. As a new fibre plant velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) has been taken into consideration. However, there is no knowledge about the cultivation of velvetleaf in Europe. Four field trials in southwest Germany were set up to investigate the potential of fibre yield in a temperate climate. The factors crop density, nitrogen fertilization, accessions, and different harvesting dates were tested. Across all experiments fibre yield ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 t ha-1 dry matter. The highest yields were achieved with a crop density of 30 plants m-2, and with N fertilization of 100-150 kg N ha-1 for the accession ‘Herbiseed’. For highest fibre yield, the date of harvest should be at the beginning of maturity. This study provides first insights into possibility and variation of cultivating velvetleaf and suggests adequate fibre yield when cultivated in proper plant density and appropriate accession. However, before the plant can be implemented as a new crop, more research on fibre quality and breeding activity to improve agronomic factors is required.

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Processing of Bast Fiber Plants for Industrial Application

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Wetting behaviour, moisture up-take and electrokinetic properties of lignocellulosic fibres

Wetting behaviour, moisture up-take and electrokinetic properties of lignocellulosic fibres

Abaca fibre reinforced PP composites and comparison with jute and flax fibre PP composites

Field Trials Indicating the Potential of Abutilon Theophrasti (Medic.) As A New Fibre Crop in Southwest Germany

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