Large amounts of sweet cherries (Prunus
avium) are annually discarded in Chile because they
do not meet exportation
standards, and these cherries are sold as fresh fruit in local markets
at a low price. To increase the valorization of this important fruit
and avoid environmental problems, different drying methods to process
this fruit are proposed in this work. Five techniques were used: freeze-drying
(FD); convective drying (CD); vacuum drying; infrared radiation (IRD);
and solar drying. Fresh and dried samples were evaluated in terms
of proximate composition, color, total phenolic content (TPC), total
flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), phenolic
profiles, and antioxidant potential. Results showed that different
drying methods have their respective advantages. For instance, FD
samples showed the lowest total color change and highest TAC, as well
as provided an increase of the chlorogenic acid (28.63 mg/100 g dry
matter [d.m.]) with respect to the fresh material. CD significantly
increased TPC (714 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g d.m.) and TFC
(589 mg quercetin equivalents/100 g d.m.), thereby demonstrating the
highest free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl). Interestingly,
IRD samples exhibited the highest antioxidant activity by oxygen radical
absorbance capacity assay. Hence, considering the economic benefits
of the process and the overall product quality, CD would be an effective
drying method to use in sweet cherries with potential to replace FD.