Processing and properties of flax fibers reinforced PLA/PBS biocomposites

Ketata, N.; Seantier, Bastien; Guermazi, Noamen; Grohens, Yves

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.01.047

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The simple design of single-screw extruders and the benefit in terms of fiber length degradation compared to the twin-screw extruder are the primary reasons for selecting them for this work. 20 First, polymer granulates and the studied fibers were dried at 60°C for 48 h to remove the residual moisture before being transformed into filaments from the hopper to the die using the LabstationPlasti-corderBrabender single-screw extruder. The used screw, YB.643.267, has a diameter of 19 mm and an L/D of 25.…”

Section: Composite Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the hybridization effect on mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced biosourced composites

Ketata,

Ejday,

Grohens

et al. 2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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Hybridizing the natural fibers with stronger synthetic fibers could significantly improve the properties of the natural fiber-reinforced composites. The improved mechanical capabilities of fiber reinforced polymers result from the fiber’s capacity for withstanding a more substantial portion of the mechanical load compared to the matrix it replaces. In order to guarantee the efficient transfer of the mechanical load from the matrix to the reinforcement, it is necessary to incorporate a fibrous filler. Transference takes place when the length of the fiber is longer than a specific critical length. Fibers which are shorter than the critical length will pull out from the matrix when tested to a tensile load. In some cases, complete transfer of the load is not performed. The goal of this study is to learn more about flax (FF), glass (GF), and mixtures of flax and glass (FF + GF) short fiber-reinforced PLA-PBS composites. This is performed to find out how the flax/glass combination affects the mechanical properties of PLA-PBS-reinforced short fiber composites. In order to extend their use for industrial applications, these composites were manufactured via extrusion and, afterward, injection molding. Fiber aspect ratios were followed after compounding and injection processing. The analysis of fiber lengths reveals a noteworthy observation: the proportion of fibers exceeding their critical length of 531 µm and 772 µm for FF and GF, respectively, is more significant when flax fibers (FF) and glass fibers (GF) are combined compared to when they reinforce the composite individually. Specifically, the composite containing both FF and GF exhibits a higher percentage of fibers surpassing their critical length, compared to their individual reinforcement in the composite. The results reveal that 27% of individually extracted single FF exceed their critical length, whereas a higher proportion, at 34%, is observed when FF is part of the composite mixture. In contrast, the critical length is surpassed by only 4% of individually extracted single GF, whereas the combined presence of GF in the composite results in a notably higher percentage, at 19%. The tensile properties of these composites were investigated considering the effect of the hybridization by flax/glass short fibers. It was noted that the tensile properties of the hybrid composites increase comparing to the flax composites from 42.4 MPa to 53 MPa for the tensile strength and from 4.9 GPa to 5.4 GPa for the tensile modulus. In contrast, the elongation at break of the hybrid composites decreases from 1.7% to 1.5% with the incorporation of glass fibers. The experimental results were compared with the predictions of the mixture law and the Cox-Krenchel model. The findings indicate that mixing synthetic fibers with natural fibers is an excellent approach to enhancing mechanical properties.

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Section: Composite Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the hybridization effect on mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced biosourced composites

Ketata,

Ejday,

Grohens

et al. 2024

Journal of Composite Materials

Self Cite

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“…In order to comprehensively determine the correlation of process parameters during compounding experimentally, a high level of testing, personnel and material expenditure is required [ 17 , 18 ]. To date, fiber length change in composites has primarily been determined by microscopic observation and X-ray microtomography of the samples [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. To enable significant quality improvements, experimentally validated modeling is required that reaches far beyond the current state of technology and considers the details of the used machines and materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Processing Glass-Fiber Filled Plastics on Different Twin-Screw Extruders and Varying Screw Designs on Fiber Length and Particle Distribution

et al. 2022

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Due to their valuable properties (low weight, and good thermal and mechanical properties), glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics are becoming increasingly important. Fiber-reinforced thermoplastics are mainly manufactured by injection molding and extrusion, whereby the extrusion compounding process is primarily used to produce fiber-filled granulates. Reproducible production of high-quality components requires a granulate in which the fiber length is even and high. However, the extrusion process leads to the fact that fiber breakages can occur during processing. To enable a significant quality enhancement, experimentally validated modeling is required. In this study, short glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics (polypropylene) were produced on two different twin-screw extruders. Therefore, the machine-specific process behavior is of major interest regarding its influence. First, the fiber length change after processing was determined by experimental investigations and then simulated with the SIGMA simulation software. By comparing the simulation and experimental tests, important insights could be gained and the effects on fiber lengths could be determined in advance. The resulting fiber lengths and distributions were different, not only for different screw configurations (SC), but also for the same screw configurations on different twin-screw extruders. This may have been due to manufacturer-specific tolerances.

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“…Flax, hemp and ramie fiber (RF) were the three most widely used kinds of fibrilia fiber, which have exceptional material properties such as high tenacity, high moisture absorption capacity, good thermal conductivity, outstanding antibacterial functionality, etc. [1][2][3] Therefore, these three kinds of fibrilia fiber have been commonly applied in many fields with the particular examples of clothing fabrics, fiber-reinforced composites and car accessories, to name only a few. [4][5][6] Flax/hemp original fiber materials exist in several different forms, such as scutched flax/hemp, scutched flax tow (SFT), scutched hemp tow (SHT), scutched flax noil (SFN), scutched hemp noil (SHN), flax/hemp roving, etc., in the manufacturing process to adapt them to various applications, while raw RF only exists in the form of huge bundles (Figure S1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the physicochemical properties of fibrilia fiber and the reaction behavior of the other components in the degumming process

Meng

2023

Textile Research Journal

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Although many degumming methods for fibrilia fiber have been established, the reaction priority of the gums and the influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the fiber property and the reaction behavior of the other components remain unclear. This study analyzed the above issues by the observing the change of fiber in microbial-mechanical ‘enzyme peeling’ and gas phase ozone treatment. Results showed that pectin removal could increase the fiber density significantly (∼60.3%) but would not cause damage to the fiber tenacity. The 2.5–4.5% pectin in untreated fiber could strongly restrict the removal of lignin and hemicellulose. Lignin had less influence on fiber density than pectin. The detailed composition of hemicellulose had a significant effect on fiber tenacity: the retention of xylan and mannan caused damage and benefit, respectively, to fiber tenacity. After the removal of 90.0% pectin and 23.0% hemicellulose, a deep delignification rate (>70.0%) could be obtained. The delignification rate of 70.0–80.0% was beneficial for the density decreasing and tenacity increasing of the fiber, while a delignification rate over 80.0% would cause the collapse of the cellulose structure and thus damage the fiber property.

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Processing and properties of flax fibers reinforced PLA/PBS biocomposites

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Investigation of the hybridization effect on mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced biosourced composites

Investigation of the hybridization effect on mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced biosourced composites

Influence of Processing Glass-Fiber Filled Plastics on Different Twin-Screw Extruders and Varying Screw Designs on Fiber Length and Particle Distribution

Influence of single gummy component removal/retention on the physicochemical properties of fibrilia fiber and the reaction behavior of the other components in the degumming process

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