Processes responsible for the development of a pit and mound microrelief

Embleton-Hamann, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2003.10.017

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Local heterogeneity of parent material properties was identified by Phillips and Marion [] as a cause of soil diversity. Various authors [ Schaetzl and Follmer , ; Embleton‐Hamann , ] have indicated the importance of pit‐and‐mound topography on local soil genesis; thus, these issues need more study. The first two reasons could be the subject of future simulation studies, as the SoilGen model can be run with nonhomogeneous parent materials and also with additions or losses of topsoil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In certain areas, the presence of pit‐and‐mound microtopography is a visible evidence of natural bioturbation processes. This microtopography is either caused by treefalls, for example in hummocky areas in the European Alps [ Embleton‐Hamann , ], or caused by burrowing animals like the mima mounds found in the northwestern U.S. [ Horwath and Johnson , ]. Schaetzl and Follmer [] showed this pit‐and‐mound topography to be long lived and found evidence that dated some of these to over 2000 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schaetzl and Follmer [] showed this pit‐and‐mound topography to be long lived and found evidence that dated some of these to over 2000 years. Whatever its origin, detailed soil transects have shown that this surface microtopography is reflected in the soil properties [ Embleton‐Hamann , ]. Lutz and Griswold [], Armson and Fessenden [], and Beke and McKeague [] mapped the soil profiles of pit‐and‐mound features and documented the disruption caused by treefalls, such as an A horizon sandwiched between two B horizons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating the effect of tree uprooting on variation of soil horizon depth by confronting pedogenetic simulations to measurements in a Belgian loess area

Finke

Vanwalleghem

Opolot

et al. 2013

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

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[1] Spatial patterns of soil often do not reflect those of topographic controls. We attempted to identify possible causes of this by comparing observed and simulated soil horizon depths. Observed depths of E, Bt, BC, C1, and C2 horizons in loess-derived soils in Belgium showed a weak to absent relation to terrain attributes in a sloping area. We applied the soil genesis model SoilGen2.16 onto 108 1 × 1 m 2 locations in a 1329 ha area to find possible causes. Two scenarios were simulated. Model 1 simulated soil development under undisturbed conditions, taking slope, aspect, and loess thickness as the only sources of variations. Model 2 additionally included a stochastic submodel to generate tree-uprooting events based on the exposure of trees to the wind. Outputs of both models were converted to depths of transitions between horizons, using an algorithm calibrated to horizon depths observed in the field. Model 1 showed strong correlations between terrain attributes and depths for all horizons, although surprisingly, regression kriging was not able to model all variations. Model 2 showed a weak to absent correlation for the upper horizons but still a strong correlation for the deeper horizons BC, C1, and C2. For the upper horizons the spatial variation strongly resembled that of the measurements. This is a strong indication that bioturbation in the course of soil formation due to treefalls influences spatial patterns of horizon depths.Citation: Finke, P. A., T. Vanwalleghem, E. Opolot, J. Poesen, and J. Deckers (2013), Estimating the effect of tree uprooting on variation of soil horizon depth by confronting pedogenetic simulations to measurements in a Belgian loess area,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating the effect of tree uprooting on variation of soil horizon depth by confronting pedogenetic simulations to measurements in a Belgian loess area

Finke

Vanwalleghem

Opolot

et al. 2013

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

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“…One of the rare examples of pit and mound topography situated in a high altitude treeless environments is the Buckelwiese (“hummocky meadow”) in the Austrian Northern Limestone Alps described by Embleton‐Hamann (). In this case, the topography was initially considered to be the fossil result of past cryogenic processes but was eventually found to be pit and mound topography caused by a tree throw event that occurred between 1120 and 1280 AD, with the pits subsequently deepened by karst processes (Embleton‐Hamann, ). There is no mention of ponds forming in these pits, and the Bonds Plains topography further differs from this example in the orientations of the pond and mound features.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Pit and mound topography is widely recorded throughout the world, but rarely as relict topography located on a plain rather than within a forest. One of the rare examples of pit and mound topography situated in a high altitude treeless environments is the Buckelwiese (“hummocky meadow”) in the Austrian Northern Limestone Alps described by Embleton‐Hamann (). In this case, the topography was initially considered to be the fossil result of past cryogenic processes but was eventually found to be pit and mound topography caused by a tree throw event that occurred between 1120 and 1280 AD, with the pits subsequently deepened by karst processes (Embleton‐Hamann, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pits, mounds, and vernal ponds in a Tasmanian subalpine grassland

Harrison‐Day

Kirkpatrick

2019

Geographical Research

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Falling trees commonly turbate soils in primary forest, creating characteristic edaphic patterns related to pit and mound topography. Vernal ponds with associated mounds were observed in mineral soils on a treeless plain in subalpine Tasmania, Australia. The hypothesis that paired ponds and mounds on the plain originated as pit and mound features in forests that were later destroyed by fire was tested by comparing the soils and landforms caused by recent tree falls in adjacent forest with those on the plain. The soil characteristics, orientations, and dimensions of the ponds and mounds were consistent with a tree fall origin, although rare secondary ponds on the tops of mounds may derive from the burrowing activities of the medium‐sized marsupial, Vombatus ursinus (common wombat). The characteristics of pond and mound soils suggested that most were hundreds to thousands of years old, with the ponds persisting because of differences in deflation, deposition, and organic matter formation between themselves and adjacent persistently dry land.

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Dobratsch: Landslides and Karst in Austria’s Southernmost Nature Park

Lieb

Bauer

2022

World Geomorphological Landscapes

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Processes responsible for the development of a pit and mound microrelief

Cited by 27 publications

References 2 publications

Estimating the effect of tree uprooting on variation of soil horizon depth by confronting pedogenetic simulations to measurements in a Belgian loess area

Estimating the effect of tree uprooting on variation of soil horizon depth by confronting pedogenetic simulations to measurements in a Belgian loess area

Pits, mounds, and vernal ponds in a Tasmanian subalpine grassland

Dobratsch: Landslides and Karst in Austria’s Southernmost Nature Park

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