Processes in the Pacific La Niña onset triggered by the Atlantic Niño

Polo, Irene; Martín‐Rey, Marta; Fonseca, Belén Rodríguez de; Kucharski, Fred; Mechoso, Carlos R.

doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2354-7

Cited by 111 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…One pathway to connect the North Atlantic to tropical Atlantic could be via the regional Hadley cell. A warming of SSTs in the tropical Atlantic often led a warming in the Pacific Ocean and associates an El Niño (EN) phase (Ding et al 2012;Martin-Rey et al 2015;Polo et al 2014). Changes in the Walker circulation is proposed as the mechanism for explaining the links between the tropics of Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.…”

Section: Further Examinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies suggested a connection between Pacific Niño and SST around North and tropical Atlantic (Polo et al 2014;Martin-Rey et al 2015;Ham et al 2013aHam et al , 2013b. McGregor et al (2014) In each plot, a blue diamond marks observation, and model results are shown by red, while black diamond presents mean of model ensembles.…”

Section: Atlantic Vs Tropical Pacific: Features Of Modoki Enso Episodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating ENSO teleconnections using observations and CMIP5 models

Roy

Gagnon

Siingh

2018

Theor Appl Climatol

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Bias correction of global and regional climate models is essential for credible climate change projections. This study examines the bias of the models of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) in their simulation of the spatial pattern of sea surface temperature (SSTs) in different phases of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and their teleconnections-highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the models in different oceanic sectors. The comparison between the model outputs and the observations focused on the following three features: (i) the typical horseshoe pattern seen in the Pacific Ocean during ENSO events with anomalies in SSTs opposite to the warm/cool tongue, (ii) different signature in the tropical Pacific Ocean from that of the North and tropical Atlantic Ocean, and (iii) spurious signature in the southern hemisphere beyond 45°S. Using these three cases, it was found that the model simulations poorly matched the observations, indicating that more attention is needed on the tropical/extratropical teleconnections associated with ENSO. More importantly, the observed SST coupling between the tropical Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean is missing in almost all models, and differentiating the models between high/low top did not improve the results. It also found that SSTs in the tropical Pacific Ocean are relatively well simulated when compared with observation. This work has improved our understanding of the simulation of ENSO and its teleconnections in the CMIP5 models and has raised awareness of the bias existing in the models, which requires further attention by climate modellers.

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Section: Further Examinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Atlantic Vs Tropical Pacific: Features Of Modoki Enso Episodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating ENSO teleconnections using observations and CMIP5 models

Roy

Gagnon

Siingh

2018

Theor Appl Climatol

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“…Eventually, the western Pacific wind anomalies are more efficient in triggering a La Niña-like response than the eastern Pacific ones in forcing an El Niño-like response once the model is coupled. [4,9] have indicated that stronger easterly wind anomalies in the central-western Pacific appear from September-to-December (SOND). The regression of the JJAS ATL3 index onto the SOND SLP and low-level winds in ATL_VARAGCM, reveals that westerly anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific weaken, whereas the easterly wind anomalies in the central-western Pacific strengthen (Figure 8), confirming the importance of the anomalous winds in the western side to trigger the ENSO phenomena forced by the Atlantic.…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The descending (ascending) motions in the central Pacific lead to anomalous easterlies (westerlies) in the central-western Pacific that trigger an upwelling (downwelling) oceanic Kelvin wave propagating eastward during the following months ( [9,10]). As the Kelvin wave propagates, the eastern Pacific becomes cooler (warmer) through the activation of the thermocline feedbacks and the establishment of the Bjerknes feedback ( [9]). …”

Section: Atlantic Niñomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

et al. 2016

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Abstract:In this paper, the teleconnections from the tropical Atlantic to the Indo-Pacific region from inter-annual to centennial time scales will be reviewed. Identified teleconnections and hypotheses on mechanisms at work are reviewed and further explored in a century-long pacemaker coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation ensemble. There is a substantial impact of the tropical Atlantic on the Pacific region at inter-annual time scales. An Atlantic Niño (Niña) event leads to rising (sinking) motion in the Atlantic region, which is compensated by sinking (rising) motion in the central-western Pacific. The sinking (rising) motion in the central-western Pacific induces easterly (westerly) surface wind anomalies just to the west, which alter the thermocline. These perturbations propagate eastward as upwelling (downwelling) Kelvin-waves, where they increase the probability for a La Niña (El Niño) event. Moreover, tropical North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies are also able to lead La Niña/El Niño development. At multidecadal time scales, a positive (negative) Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation leads to a cooling (warming) of the eastern Pacific and a warming (cooling) of the western Pacific and Indian Ocean regions. The physical mechanism for this impact is similar to that at inter-annual time scales. At centennial time scales, the Atlantic warming induces a substantial reduction of the eastern Pacific warming even under CO 2 increase and to a strong subsurface cooling.

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“…tends to favour the development of a La Niña in the Pacific (Ding et al 2012;Polo et al 2014). Furthermore, 2014), which may play a role in modulating the interactions between ENSO and other modes of variability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%